The present invention is one kind of primer for fast molecular detection of root nematode, especially for fast molecular detection and identification of Southern, Java and peanut root nematode, and belongs to the field of crop disease and pest prevention and treatment and plant quarantine technology. Three pairs of primer, including MI-F/R, MJ-F/R and MI-F/MT-R, are designed for specifically proliferation of products with 955 bp, 517 bp and 799 bp in colony of Southern root nematode, Java root nematode and Southern, Java and peanut root nematode separately. The three pairs of primer has proliferation sensitivity of 1/3 two-instar larva, male adult and female adult. These primers may be used in fast detection and identification of root nematode in soil sample and root sample.