The invention relates to a four-rotor aircraft self-adaptive control method based on a hyperbolic sine exponential enhancement type power reaching law and a fast terminal sliding mode surface. The method comprises the following steps that 1, a transfer matrix from a machine body coordinate system based on a four-rotor aircraft to an inertial coordinate system based on the earth is determined; 2, adynamics model of the four-rotor aircraft is analyzed according to a Newton euler formula; 3, tracking errors are calculated, and a controller is designed according to the fast terminal sliding modesurface and a first-order derivative thereof. According to the method, the hyperbolic sine exponential enhancement type power reaching law, sliding mode control and fast terminal sliding mode controlare combined so that the reaching speed can be increased when the four-rotor aircraft is away from the sliding mode surface, vibration can be reduced, the rapidity and robustness of a system are improved, and rapid and stable control can be achieved; meanwhile, limited time control over the tracking errors can be achieved, and the problem that only when the time approaches the infinity, the tracking errors approach the infinity in a traditional sliding mode surface is solved. Meanwhile, the interference boundary is estimated in a self-adaptive mode, so that the stability of the system is improved.