The invention discloses a self-adaptive adjustment method of an aeromagnetic interference compensation coefficient, relating to the aeromagnetic interference compensation technology field and particularly relating to a regulation method of the aeromagnetic interference compensation coefficient. The self-adaptive adjustment method of the aeromagnetic interference compensation coefficient is aimed to solve the problem that the in the prior art, the aeromagnetic interference compensation solving matrix is not accurate in the aeromagnetic interference compensation coefficient which is caused by morbidness. The self-adaptive adjustment method of the aeromagnetic interference compensation coefficient comprises steps of expressing the magnetic interference generated by an airplane as HI, performing extension on a T-L model, performing fusion on a geomagnetic field HE and a magnetic interference HI, setting an initial value Theta 0,P0, calculating a final compensation coefficient vector Theta 1 of first collection data according to a formula of Theta m=Theta m-1+Km (ym-Delta m Theta m-1), obtaining a final compensation coefficient vector Theta N until N times of collection data are finished, enabling the estimate value of a compensation coefficient vector to be Theta <^ >=Theta n, and using a Theta <^ > as a self-adaptive regulation result of the aeromagnetic interference compensation coefficient. The self-adaptive adjustment method of the aeromagnetic interference compensation coefficient is applicable to the adjustment of the magnetic interference compensation coefficient.