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Preparation method and application of three-dimensional (3D) hierarchical porous nitrogen-doped carbon clad silicon composite material

A silicon composite material, graded porous technology, used in electrical components, electrochemical generators, battery electrodes, etc., can solve the problems of destroying the conductive network and binder network of the electrode, the failure of active materials, and the fragmentation of silicon anode particles. High specific capacity and high rate charge and discharge capacity

Active Publication Date: 2018-01-19
XINJIANG TECHN INST OF PHYSICS & CHEM CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

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Problems solved by technology

However, the silicon negative electrode material also has a serious volume expansion problem. In the fully intercalated lithium state, the volume expansion of the silicon negative electrode can reach 300%, which will not only cause the silicon negative electrode particles to break, but also destroy the conductive network and binder network of the electrode. , leading to the failure of the active material, which seriously affects the cycle stability of silicon anode materials

Method used

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  • Preparation method and application of three-dimensional (3D) hierarchical porous nitrogen-doped carbon clad silicon composite material
  • Preparation method and application of three-dimensional (3D) hierarchical porous nitrogen-doped carbon clad silicon composite material
  • Preparation method and application of three-dimensional (3D) hierarchical porous nitrogen-doped carbon clad silicon composite material

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Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0028] Preparation of three-dimensional hierarchical porous nitrogen-doped carbon-coated silicon microspheres:

[0029] a. Preparation of organometallic framework compound: Add 50ml of methanol solution containing 1.07g of zinc nitrate hexahydrate into 50ml of methanol solution containing 2.357g of 2-methylimidazole, stir vigorously at room temperature for 24h, centrifuge, and wash with methanol solution for 3 times, drying at 60°C;

[0030] b. Disperse 0.2g of organometallic framework compound and 0.3g of nano-silicon prepared in step a in 4ml of N,N-dimethylformamide solvent, sonicate for 15min, then add 0.2g of polyacrylonitrile, stir at room temperature for 12h, and then transfer Spray sputtering in a high-pressure sputtering device to obtain a mixture;

[0031] c. Calcining the mixture obtained in step b at a temperature of 350° C. for 3 h in a nitrogen atmosphere, and then roasting at 800° C. for 1 h, and removing metal oxides in the organometallic framework with 2M hyd...

Embodiment 2

[0035] Preparation of three-dimensional nitrogen-doped carbon-coated silicon composite (as a comparison sample):

[0036] a. Disperse 0.3g of nano-silicon in 4ml of N,N-dimethylformamide solvent, sonicate for 15min, then add 0.2g of polyacrylonitrile, stir at room temperature for 12h, and then transfer to a high-pressure sputtering device for spraying and sputtering to obtain mixture;

[0037] b. Calcining the mixture obtained in step a at a temperature of 350°C for 3h in a nitrogen atmosphere, and then roasting at a temperature of 800°C for 1h;

[0038] c. Washing and drying the product obtained in step b to obtain a three-dimensional nitrogen-doped silicon / carbon composite material.

Embodiment 3

[0040] Electrochemical performance test:

[0041] Weigh 60 mg of the three-dimensional hierarchical porous nitrogen-doped silicon / carbon powder obtained by the method of the present invention as an active material, use acetylene black as a conductive agent, sodium alginate as a binder, and use deionized water as a slurry, and mix evenly , and evenly coated on the copper foil, after vacuum drying at 80°C for 12 hours, the pole piece was cut into small discs with a diameter of 10mm, and the loading capacity of the active material was 0.6-1.0mg / cm 2 , the electrolyte is 1M LiPF 6The solution is in a mixed solution of ethylene carbonate and dimethyl carbonate with a volume ratio of 1:1, and then 5 wt% of vinylene carbonate is added, a lithium metal sheet is used as a counter electrode, and Celgard 2400 is used as a diaphragm, and the solution is placed in a glove box filled with argon. In CR2025-type half-cells, the prepared pole piece was installed in a CR2025-type half-cell. Af...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a preparation method and application of a three-dimensional (3D) hierarchical porous nitrogen-doped carbon clad silicon composite material. The method comprises the following steps of mixing an organic metal framework with nano silicon and polyacrylonitrile by utilizing a high-pressure sputtering method, roasting and carbonizing at high temperature in a protective atmosphere, then removing a metal oxide in the organic metal framework by using hydrochloric acid, washing, and drying, so that the 3D hierarchical porous nitrogen-doped carbon clad silicon composite material(3D NPC@Si) is prepared. The method is used for providing great feasibility for the synthesis of a material for a negative electrode of a lithium-ion battery, which is controllable in component, controllable in structure, high in specific surface area and favorable in structural stability. The method is simple, easy and feasible and is low in cost; the prepared composite material has a higher specific surface area, favorable electron conductivity and better structural stability, and the composite material shows extremely good electromechanical performance in the material for the negative electrode of the lithium-ion battery and has a quite good industrial application prospect.

Description

technical field [0001] A preparation method and application of a three-dimensional hierarchical porous nitrogen-doped carbon-coated silicon composite material. Background technique [0002] With the continuous improvement of the mileage requirements of new energy vehicles in practical applications, the current material system is obviously unable to meet the actual needs, and the development of new high-energy and high-performance materials is imminent. With the continuous development of lithium-ion battery technology, the development of high-energy lithium-ion batteries has become an unstoppable trend. In order to improve the specific energy of lithium-ion batteries, it is necessary to start from the structural design of lithium-ion batteries and the development of new materials. The structural design of batteries is mainly to reduce the weight of inactive materials such as structural parts, aluminum foil, and copper foil, and then increase active materials. relative propor...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): H01M4/36H01M4/38H01M4/62H01M10/0525
CPCY02E60/10
Inventor 胡广志刘念滔夏木西卡玛尔·买买提
Owner XINJIANG TECHN INST OF PHYSICS & CHEM CHINESE ACAD OF SCI
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