128results about How to "Has a porous structure" patented technology

The invention discloses polyvinyl alcohol / inorganic nanocomposite hydrogel, which is characterized by being formed by the following components: 30-90 parts by weight of polyvinyl alcohol and 0.1-20 parts by weight of inorganic nanocomposite particles through a chemical crosslinking gel method, wherein the inorganic nanocomposite particles comprise nano clay, nano mica powder, a nano molecular sieve, nano wollastonite, nano graphite, nanosilicon dioxide or a carbon nano tube. With the adoption of the polyvinyl alcohol / inorganic nanocomposite hydrogel, the mechanical strength of polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel is enhanced on the basis of not influencing the moisture of the hydrogel, the service life is prolonged, the permeability of the polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel is improved, and a channel is reserved for transmission of matters. As the selection of the materials, the production cost is controlled, and the better economic benefit is brought. The invention also discloses a preparation method of the polyvinyl alcohol / inorganic nanocomposite hydrogel. The preparation method is simple and feasible to operate and good in mechanical strength, and can be produced industrially.

The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of catalysts and particularly relates to a reduced graphene supported molybdenum or tungsten carbide catalyst and a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method of the reduced graphene supported molybdenum or tungsten carbide catalyst comprises the following steps: (1), synthesizing a heteropolyacid-polymer conductor / reduced graphene composite through a one-pot reaction method by using molybdenum- or tungsten-containing heteropolyacid, a polymer conductor and graphene as raw materials; (2), under the protection of an inert gas, thermally treating at 700-1100 DEG C for 2-5 h, and cooling and pickling to obtain the reduced graphene supported molybdenum or tungsten carbide catalyst. The preparation method of the catalyst is simple, the presence of a unique structure provides a great limitation on the agglomeration of molybdenum or tungsten carbide nanoparticles and an enhancement in their dispersity, excellent hydrogen production from water electrolysis is shown, and the preparation method is also applicable to the fields of studies such as energy storage and conversion studies for electrocatalytic reduction of oxygen, lithium ion batteries and the like.

The invention provides an ecologically adjustable fish reef ecological floating bed device. The device comprises a floating bed frame, a plurality of fish reef module units and aquatic plants, wherein each fish reef module unit is connected with one another and fixed by the floating bed frame and comprises a grid and an organism ceramsite layer, a fish reef channel layer and a packing layer which are arranged from top to bottom sequentially and are separated from one another by interlayers; the grids surround around the organism ceramsite layers, the fish reef channel layers and the packing layers and the bottoms of the packing layers respectively; fish reef passages are respectively opened around the fish reef channel layers; holes are opened at the position, corresponding to openings of the fish reef passages, of the grids to make the fish reef channel layers communicate with outside; and the aquatic plants are arranged on the organism ceramsite layers. The device can ensure the normal growth and prevent the overgrowth of the aquatic plants at the same time; and meanwhile, a simple food chain of 'organisms-planktons-fishes' is formed inside the device to improve the purifying capacity of water of the device.

The invention discloses a porous carbon-loaded molybdenum disulfide nanosheet composition material and a preparation method and application thereof. The preparation method includes following steps: (1), utilizing porous carbon to adsorb molybdate to obtain a precursor; (2), in an inert atmosphere, thermally treating the precursor, and enabling sulfur steam to be in vulcanization reaction with the thermally-treated precursor to obtain the porous carbon-loaded molybdenum disulfide nanosheet composition material. Porous carbon adsorption is adopted to confine a molybdenum disulfide precursor, and a raw material precursor is directly converted into a highly-dispersed small-size ultrathin molybdenum sulfide nanosheet through vulcanization operation, so that compared with other methods like a lithium ion intercalation method, a vapor deposition method, a hydrothermal method and a solvothermal method, the preparation method is low in cost, simple in process, clear in product and suitable for large-scale production; the obtained composite material is excellent in water electrolysis hydrogen production catalytic performance and better than other reported similar catalysts.

The invention discloses a doped lithium ion battery anode material and a preparation method thereof. The structural formula of the anode material is Ti<x>Nb<y>M<z>O7; in the formula, x is more than or equal to 0.5 and less than or equal to 1.5; y is more than or equal to 1.5 and less than or equal to 2.5; z is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 0.5; furthermore, x+y+z=3; and M is one or more selected from a group including Al, Fe, Mg, Zn and Cu. According to the invention, a TiNb2O7 material is doped and modified by adopting a solid phase method or a liquid phase method; the defect concentration of the material is increased by increasing the mixed arrangement degree of metal atoms, so that the electrical conductivity of the material is improved; the method is applicable to large-scale production; the technological process is simple and easy to do; the electrochemical properties of the obtained material are excellent; the particle size of the material prepared through the solid phase method is uniform and distributed within 800-1000 nm; furthermore, the dispersibility is good; and the material obtained through the liquid phase method has a porous structure.

The invention discloses an asphalt-based nanoporous carbon material, a negative material thereof, and a lithium ion battery. The asphalt-based nanoporous carbon material is prepared by mainly using 0.1-10g of asphalt, 3-50g of anhydrous aluminum trichloride, 100-400ml of anhydrous carbon tetrachloride and 200-500ml of a reaction terminating agent, and the amounts of the above raw materials can be freely adjusted in proportion. The asphalt-based nanoporous carbon material is prepared by mainly using asphalt, anhydrous aluminum chloride, anhydrous carbon tetrachloride and the reaction termination agent, and asphalt and anhydrous carbon tetrachloride undergo a Friedel-Crafts crosslinking reaction through a nanometer pore forming technology, so the obtained asphalt-based carbon material has a porous structure and a high specific surface area, and the negative material prepared by using the asphalt-based nanoporous carbon material has the characteristics of strong electrolyte imbibition and retention ability, good processing performance, low price and the like, and can greatly improve the cycle performances of the lithium ion battery.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a MnSe / CoSe2 composite material. The preparation method comprises following steps: (1) adding manganese acetate, cobalt acetate, and urea into deionizedwater according to a certain mole ratio, and stirring to obtain an acetate solution; (2) adding a certain amount of organic solvent that can be easily dissolved in water into the acetate solution prepared in the step (1), fully mixing, transferring the mixed solution to a hydrothermal reactor, and carrying out hydrothermal reactions to obtain a precursor; and (3) washing and drying the precursorobtained in the step (2), separately placing the precursor and selenium powder in a tube furnace, and burning the precursor and selenium powder in a protective atmosphere for a while to obtain a finalproduct. The invention also discloses a MnSe / CoSe2 composite material, which is prepared by the provided preparation method and is in a porous dumbbell shape, and applications thereof. The preparation method can prepare the micrometer level MnSe / CoSe2 composite material in a porous dumbbell shape. The circulation performance of a lithium ion battery is greatly improved, after the MnSe / CoSe2 composite material is used as the negative material of the lithium ion battery.

The invention discloses a method for preparing nanometer-level cube-like cobaltosic oxide. The method comprises the following synthetic steps in sequence: dispersing a certain amount of porous carbons into deionized water; ultrasonically dispersing; transferring into a reacting kettle containing the mixed solution of cobalt salt, urea and deionized water; fully stirring and mixing; placing the reacting kettle into an oven; carrying out hydrothermal reaction for a certain time; naturally cooling to reach the room temperature; and centrifugally separating and washing the reaction product by water at a plurality of times, thus obtaining the cube-like cobaltosic oxide powder in a one-step hydrothermal synthesis way. The cube-like cobaltosic oxide powder can be roasted at a high temperature in the air, thus obtaining the porous nanometer-level cube-like cobaltosic oxide. Compared with the conventional synthetic technique, the cobaltosic oxide synthesized by the method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the porous nanometer-level cube-like structure is provided, the shape and the appearance can be controlled, the dimension is uniformly distributed, the specific surface area is large, the synthesizing process is simple, the repeatability is high, and high characteristics are shown in the field of supercapacitors.

The invention relates to a microwave assisted preparation of hydroxyapatite hollow sphere. The hydroxyapatite hollow sphere structure is prepared from water-soluble calcium salt serving as a calcium source and phosphorous biomolecules serving as a phosphor source through a microwave assisted hydrothermal reaction, wherein the phosphorous biomolecules are phosphocreatine or creatine phosphate. In the hydroxyapatite hollow sphere, the phosphorous biomolecules have good biodegradability and environmental friendliness. The hydroxyapatite hollow sphere structure prepared according to the preparation method provided by the invention can be widely applied to biomedicine, tissue engineering and other fields. The method has important scientific meaning and application value in expanding preparation of calcium phosphate biomaterials.

The invention belongs to the technical field of nanometer material preparation, and relates to a preparation method of chitosan nanoparticles, in particular to a preparation method and an application of the chitosan nanoparticles with pore structures. According to the preparation method and the application of the chitosan nanoparticles with the pore structures, first, chitosan is dissolved into acetic acid solution, and chitosan solution is obtained; second, span-80 is dissolved into organic solvent to obtain oil phase, third, the chitosan solution and the oil phase is cut and emulsified in a high speed, and opposite phase miniemulsion is obtained; the opposite phase miniemulsion is stirred and cross linker solution is dropped into the opposite phase miniemulsion to react; and then a system is decompressed, dehydrated, centrifugated, washed and vacuum dryed, so that the chitosan nanoparticles with the pore structures are obtained. According to the preparation method and the application of the chitosan nanoparticles with the pore structures, the grain diameters of the chitosan nanoparticles with the pore structures are ranged from 100 nm - 500 nm, and the chitisan nanoparticles with the pore structures are good carriers of medicines, and can be used for medicine absorption. Meanwhile, in preparation process, water phase and the oil phase inside the opposite phase miniemulsion are similar, so that the production efficiency of nanoparticles is high.

The invention discloses organic aerogel as well as a preparation method and application of the organic aerogel. The organic aerogel is mainly prepared by dissolving an organic monomer or low polymer containing multiple sulfydryl groups and an organic monomer or low polymer containing multiple vinyl groups into an alcohol, ketone, amide, sulfoxide, furan, nitrile or benzene organic solvent in the molar ratio of the sulfydryl groups to the vinyl groups being 1:(0.5-3). The organic aerogel is cross-linked through a C-S bond of a low internal rotation barrier to form a three-dimensional network structure; the aerogel is endowed with good flexibility, has good blocking property, a porous structure, high specific surface area, low heat conductivity and adjustable light transmission, and can be applied to different occasions. By adopting efficient thiol-ene click reaction, the preparation process is simple, efficient, short in cycle and free of subsequent modification step; the prepared organic aerogel can be applied to the fields of building energy conservation, petrochemical engineering or sewage treatment.

The invention provides a composite oxygen electrode for a solid oxide battery and a preparation method of the composite oxygen electrode. The method comprises the following steps: (1) grinding materials required by perovskite oxides and inorganic salt according to a mass ratio of (1 to 5)-(5 to 1) and mixing uniformly to obtain powder; (2) grinding the powder and an organic binding agent and mixing uniformly to obtain electrode slurry; and (3) coating the electrolyte layer of the solid oxide battery with the electrode slurry, and roasting to obtain the composite oxygen electrode. The compositeoxygen electrode is in situ synthesized on the electrolyte of the solid oxide battery, the process is simple, the applicability is strong, organic matter does not require to be used in the syntheticprocess, the synthesis or calcination temperature of an electrode material is lowered, and the oxygen ion conduction characteristics of the electrode are enhanced; the obtained composite oxygen electrode has a porous structure and can effectively provide a gaseous diffusion channel, an electronic transmission channel and an oxygen ion transmission channel, and the mixed electrical conductivity ofthe composite oxygen electrode is greatly improved. The invention further solves the problem that the thermal expansion coefficient of the oxygen electrode is not matched with the thermal expansion coefficient of the electrolyte.

The invention discloses a composite foam film and a preparation method thereof. Nano-particles are used as a filler, a polymer is used as a base material, the nano-particles are dispersed in a solution of the polymer, and then curing film formation and freeze-drying treatments are carried out to prepare the nano-particle / polymer composite foam film with a light, soft and porous structure and an electromagnetic shielding property. The addition of the nanoparticles increases the pore size of the composite foam film, improves the conductive pathway of the composite foam film and significantly improve the electrical conductivity and the electromagnetic shielding property of the composite foam. The composite foam film prepared in the invention has a great application scenario in the field of electromagnetic shielding.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a bio-char composite adsorbing material for removing phosphates in surface water, and belongs to the field of bio-char adsorbing materials. The preparation method comprises the steps of (1), washing, air-drying and cutting shaddock peel and tangerine peel; (2) thermally decomposing, cooling and crushing the above particulate solid to obtain charred shaddock peel and charred tangerine peel; (3) modifying the thermally decomposed material respectively with ferrous sulfate, sodium thiosulfate and hexadecyl trimethyl ammonium bromide; (4) washing with deionized water, and drying to obtain the modified bio-char adsorbing material. After surface wastewater with the phosphate concentration of 10 mg / L is treated with the adsorbing material of the invention, the phosphate content of the water reaches Class V of surface water environmental quality standard (GB 3838-2002) (< / =0.4 mg / L). The adsorbing material has the advantages of low cost, high adsorbing efficiency, and wide applicable range; recycling of waste is achieved, and good social and economic benefits are brought.

The invention provides a medical stone modified nylon microsphere material, its preparation method and its application in 3D printing. The medical stone modified nylon microsphere material is prepared by using 100 parts of s nylon microsphere, 10-40 parts of nanometer medical stone, 2-10 parts of a coupling agent, 0.5-5 parts of a lubricant, 0.1-5 parts of a light stabilizer, 0.1-5 parts of an antifoaming agent, 0.1-5 parts of a leveling agent and 0.1-2 parts of an antioxidant. The material prepared in the invention has a substantially higher impact strength than materials fully adopting the nanometer microsphere, makes products have certain bacterial resistance, and has the advantages of simple operation technology, great cost reduction, and adaption to large scale production.

The invention discloses a preparation method and application of a three-dimensional (3D) hierarchical porous nitrogen-doped carbon clad silicon composite material. The method comprises the following steps of mixing an organic metal framework with nano silicon and polyacrylonitrile by utilizing a high-pressure sputtering method, roasting and carbonizing at high temperature in a protective atmosphere, then removing a metal oxide in the organic metal framework by using hydrochloric acid, washing, and drying, so that the 3D hierarchical porous nitrogen-doped carbon clad silicon composite material(3D NPC@Si) is prepared. The method is used for providing great feasibility for the synthesis of a material for a negative electrode of a lithium-ion battery, which is controllable in component, controllable in structure, high in specific surface area and favorable in structural stability. The method is simple, easy and feasible and is low in cost; the prepared composite material has a higher specific surface area, favorable electron conductivity and better structural stability, and the composite material shows extremely good electromechanical performance in the material for the negative electrode of the lithium-ion battery and has a quite good industrial application prospect.

The invention relates to a hydroxyapatite hollow microsphere and a preparation method thereof. The hydroxyapatite hollow microsphere is prepared by using water-soluble calcium salt and phosphate as raw materials, water as a solvent and DNA as a template agent through hydrothermal reaction. The diameter of the hydroxyapatite hollow microsphere and the size of the cavity can be effectively adjusted by changing the adding amount of the DNA.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a graphite felt loaded metal organic framework compound cathode material and an application thereof. The method comprises the following steps: employingferric salt, Pluronic F127, weak acid, 2-aminoterephthalic acid and a carbon felt, adding ferric salt and Pluronic F127 into deionized water; stirring, then adding the weak acid and the 2-aminoterephthalic acid according to the molar ratio, stirring to obtain a metal organic framework compound precursor solution, putting the metal organic framework compound precursor solution and the pretreated carbon felt into a reaction kettle together, sealing, then carrying out a hydrothermal reaction, washing and carrying out vacuum drying to obtain the cathode material. The cathode material has a porousstructure and a large specific surface area, and the yield of H2O2 is remarkably increased when the cathode material is applied to an electro-Fenton system. The oxygen is not required to be filled, aeration is performed or a Fenton reaction reagent is not required to be added in the reaction process, so that the method has a relatively wide pH application range and relatively high acid stability,and almost no iron-based sludge is generated.

The invention discloses a fuel cell electrode gas diffusion layer carbon fiber paper manufactured with pulp and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method mainly comprises the steps of making the pulp, mixing the pulp, manufacturing the paper in a combined manner of downstream net papermaking and guniting net papermaking, drying, hot pressing and the like. The mechanical property of theprepared carbon fiber paper is improved by adding the bonding fibers, and the carbon nanotubes, graphene and the activated carbon are added when the pulp is mixed. The prepared carbon fiber paper comprises a base paper bottom layer made by downstream net papermaking and a base paper surface layer made by guniting net papermaking, and the graphene, the carbon nanotubes and the activated carbon arecontained in the base paper surface layer. The carbon fiber paper prepared by the invention has a porous structure, the excellent gas-forming property, low resistance and high conductivity, and can provide gas, electron and drainage channels for electrode reaction, has the certain mechanical strength, chemical stability, thermal stability, thermal conductivity, gas dispersion and homogenization characteristics, has a large specific surface area, can adsorb the harmful gas, buffers the system reaction, and avoids the instability after high-temperature treatment.

The invention discloses a method for preparing a cartilage repairing scaffold material. According to the method, the cartilage repairing scaffold material is prepared by performing cell removing, reconstructing, crosslinking, freeze-drying, surface modifying and other treatment processes on a dermal matrix from animal skin. The scaffold material is made from the dermal matrix and has good biocompatibility, surface activity and plasticity and even pore structure, contains chondroitin sulfuric acid and other substances, can promote the attachment and the growth of cartilage cells and the healing of articular cartilage injury, and can repair joint coloboma efficiently, therefore, the scaffold material is a novel scaffold material which can effectively repair articular cartilage coloboma.

The invention discloses a preparation method of bamboo charcoal non-woven fabric. The method comprises the steps of firstly, cutting bamboo into bamboo chips, then carrying out carbonization treatment on the bamboo chips, and micronizing charcoal powder; mixing polypropylene, nano-carbon powder, a dispersing agent and a compatibilizer, extruding and granulating to obtain bamboo charcoal polymer master batches; then, mixing the polypropylene, the bamboo charcoal polymer master batches, a stabilizing agent and an antioxidant, extruding and granulating to obtain mixture master batches; adopting a melt-blowing technique to prepare the mixture master batches into primary non-woven fabric; finally, placing the primary non-woven fabric at the temperature of 100-110 DEG C for 2-3h to obtain the bamboo charcoal non-woven fabric. The bamboo charcoal non-woven fabric prepared by the method not only has a porous structure, but also has excellent adsorption performance.

The invention discloses a preparation method of nano-cellulose aerogel microsphere coated filter paper. The preparation method comprises the following steps that a nano-cellulose ice crystal microsphere containing a cross-linking agent is smeared on industrial filter paper under low temperature liquid nitrogen, frozen and dried, then placed in the vacuum environment and reacted at the temperature of 118-125 DEG C for 3-3.2 h, and the nano-cellulose aerogel microsphere coated filter paper is obtained. The coated filter paper is subjected to silanization modified treatment, and the modified nano-cellulose aerogel microsphere coated filter paper can be obtained. According to the preparation method of the oil-water separation coated filter paper, the micron-level porous nano-cellulose aerogel microsphere is adopted to serve as coating, is a natural holocellulos base, is a novel high performance natural material and has the advantage of a porous structure. The preparation steps are simple and easy to operate, the obtained nano-cellulose aerogel microsphere coated filter paper has the rough surface of a micron / nanometer double layer structure, directly owns underwater super-oleophobic performance and is used for separating water. After simple silicane deposition modification, the nano-cellulose aerogel microsphere coated filter paper can be changed to have the under-oil super-hydrophobic or in-air super-hydrophobic oleophilic characteristics and be used for separating oil.

The invention discloses a method for preparing nanometer-level cube-like cobaltosic oxide. The method comprises the following synthetic steps in sequence: dispersing a certain amount of porous carbons into deionized water; ultrasonically dispersing; transferring into a reacting kettle containing the mixed solution of cobalt salt, urea and deionized water; fully stirring and mixing; placing the reacting kettle into an oven; carrying out hydrothermal reaction for a certain time; naturally cooling to reach the room temperature; and centrifugally separating and washing the reaction product by water at a plurality of times, thus obtaining the cube-like cobaltosic oxide powder in a one-step hydrothermal synthesis way. The cube-like cobaltosic oxide powder can be roasted at a high temperature in the air, thus obtaining the porous nanometer-level cube-like cobaltosic oxide. Compared with the conventional synthetic technique, the cobaltosic oxide synthesized by the method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the porous nanometer-level cube-like structure is provided, the shape and the appearance can be controlled, the dimension is uniformly distributed, the specific surface area is large, the synthesizing process is simple, the repeatability is high, and high characteristics are shown in the field of supercapacitors.

The invention relates to a method for preparing a high-conductivity porous copper foil based on a brass strip. The method comprises the following steps that firstly, the surface of the brass strip iscleaned, then the surface of the brass is treated by using an aqueous solution of sodium borohydride, high-temperature annealing treatment or normal-temperature electrochemical treatment is conductedon the brass at a certain temperature to completely or partially remove zinc in the brass, and finally the high-conductivity porous copper foil is obtained. Compared with an original brass strip, theconductivity of the porous copper foil is increased by 60% or above. The method can prepare the porous and high-conductivity copper foil, and can be applied to the direction of electrical equipment such as a battery current collector, a wire and cable shielding layer, a circuit board line and the like.

The invention discloses a bone tissue engineering timbering material, which is a composite fiber membrane prepared from hydroxyapatite powder modified by stearic acid and poly-L-Lactic acid; in the composite fiber membrane, the mass ratio concentration of the hydroxyapatite powder modified by the stearic acid is 1-15%. The invention also provides a preparation method for the bone tissue engineering timbering material and comprises the following three steps: carrying out surface modification on the hydroxyapatite powder by the stearic acid, blending the hydroxyapatite powder and a poly-L-Lactic acid solution, and carrying out electrostatic spinning on a blending solution. The bone tissue engineering timbering composite fiber membrane has a porous communication structure, the hydroxyapatite powder and polylactic acid matrix are firmly combined, the hydroxyapatite powder is unlikely to fall in a degradation process, a degradation product slightly influences the power of hydrogen of a human body, and the porous structure is favorable for the transmission and the like of nutrition and metabolin, which is superior to traditional materials.

The invention belongs to the technical field of cushion materials for pets, and particularly relates to a novel odor removal cushion material for a pet and a preparation method thereof. The material comprises raw paper flour and an odor removal agent, and the odor removal agent is prepared from aluminum silicate, mineral salts and zeolite powder; the preparation method comprises the steps of smashing, pulping, extruding, granulating and drying; the cushion material for the pet can rapidly remove odor, the odor removal effect is stable, the preparation method is simple, meanwhile, water absorption performance and clustering performance are good, and the cushion material has practicability.

The invention discloses a cerium-titanium-doped bismuth tantalate niobate photocatalytic material and a preparation method and application thereof. A chemical general formula of the photocatalytic material is Bi<8(1-x)>Ce<8x>Ta<8(1-y)>Ti<8y>Nb<10>O<57>, wherein bismuth tantalate niobate is used as a host material, x is a mole percent of a Ce<3+> and Bi<3+> doped site, y is a mole percent of a Ti<4+> and Ta<5+> doped site, x is greater than or equal to 0.005 and less than or equal to 0.07, y is greater than or equal to 0.005 and less than or equal to 0.07, and x equals y; the photocatalytic material is prepared through a high-temperature solid phase method, is pure in phase and good in crystallinity, is provided with a porous structure, has high absorption capacity within the range of 200-465 nanometers, has good optical activity and can efficiently degrade methylene blue in a photocatalytic mode. The tantalate light emitting material is easy to prepare and low in production cost.

A binder-type hydrogel and its preparation method and application are disclosed. The present invention belongs to the field of hydrogel, and aims to solve the problem that the mechanical strength of hydrogel is not enough in the application process of cartilage tissue engineering, and the hydrogel is easy to be lost from tissue. The binder-type hydrogel of the invention is a composite bridging polymer on the surface of a hybrid hydrogel, wherein the hybrid hydrogel is a hydrogel crosslinked by chitosan or a derivative of chitosan and polyethylene glycol, and inorganic nanoparticles are hybridized in the hydrogel, and the bridging polymer comprises a biomacromolecular material and inorganic nanoparticles. The preparation method comprise the following steps: 1, mixing that chitosan solutionand the polyethylene glycol solution to obtain a hydrogel; 2, mixing that biomacromolecular material solution and the inorganic nanometer particles to obtain a bridging polymer; and 3, the bridging polymer adheres to the surface of the hydrogel. The adhesive hydrogel of the invention is used for preparing a scaffold material in cartilage damage repair, and has excellent mechanical properties and adhesion strength due to the addition of inorganic nanoparticles.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a sandwich-structure carbon-base composite material. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) uniformly mixing chitosan and a zinc saltpore-forming agent, and carrying out carbonization treatment, so as to obtain a porous carbon nanosheet; and (2) soaking the porous carbon nanosheet obtained in the step (1) into a soluble nickel salt solution, taking out, drying, and carrying out CVD vapor deposition, so as to obtain the sandwich-structure carbon-base composite material. The preparation method has the beneficial effects that theraw materials are easily available, the repeatability is good, and the industrial production is easily realized. The invention discloses the sandwich-structure carbon-base composite material with good electrical conductivity. The invention further discloses application of the sandwich-structure carbon-base composite material as a negative electrode material in sodium-ion batteries. A sodium-ion battery produced from the carbon-base composite material prepared by virtue of the preparation method is high in specific capacity and good in rate capability and cycle performance.

The invention discloses a graphene-TiO2 nanotube hydrogel, a preparation method, and an application thereof. The preparation method includes the steps of: (1) adding water to graphene oxide to fully dissolve the graphene oxide to obtain a graphene oxide water solution; (2) adding the TiO2 nanotube to the graphene oxide water solution with full stirring to prepare a graphene-TiO2 nanotube solution; (3) preparing a FeSO4 water solution; (4) adding the FeSO4 water solution to the graphene-TiO2 nanotube solution with uniform mixing to obtain a mixed liquid; (5) performing self-assembly to the mixed liquid in the step (4) under a water bath environment to obtain the graphene-TiO2 nanotube hydrogel. The preparation method is simple and employs easy-to-obtain raw materials. During synthesis, the method abides by the principle of green chemistry and is free of catalysts and toxic solvents, so that the hydrogel is toxic-free. The hydrogel can be industrially produced and can effectively remove antibiotics from waste water.