Preparation method of high-performance flame-retardant fibers

Abstract

The invention relates to a preparation method of high-performance flame-retardant fibers. The preparation method comprises the following steps of dispersing polyacrylonitrile into a mixed solvent of water and ethanol to obtain sol, then carrying out electrostatic spinning, collecting at low temperature to obtain mesoporous nanofibers, then immersing the mesoporous nanofibers into silver-doped nano titanium dioxide hydrosol to carry out modification treatment, and then dispersing in a mixed solvent of ethanol and water, and adding ethyl silicate, vinyltriethoxysilane and ammonia water for reaction to obtain the high-performance flame-retardant fiber material with antibacterial, environment-friendly and high flame-retardant properties.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the field of preparation of heat-insulating and flame-retardant fibers, in particular to a method for preparing high-performance flame-retardant fibers. Background technique [0002] Flame-retardant fiber is the basic material for preparing textiles with flame-retardant effects. Commonly used flame-retardant textiles such as curtains, mattresses, automotive interiors, furniture, and automobiles generally have a certain amount of formaldehyde due to the application of polymer materials. And long-term use is prone to bacteria, and the fire resistance performance requirements of materials are also higher; with the rapid development of my country's furniture and automobile markets, safety, environmental protection, and hygiene have gradually become important factors for consumers to consider. And fiber materials with high flame-retardant properties have a broad application market. [0003] Related fiber materials have been prepared ...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

[0002] Flame-retardant fiber is the basic material for preparing textiles with flame-retardant effects. Commonly used flame-retardant textiles such as curtains, mattresses, automotive interiors, furniture, and automobiles generally have a certain amount of formaldehyde due to the application of polymer materials. And long-term use is prone to bacteria, and the fire resistance performance requirements of materials are also higher; with the rapid development of my country's furniture and automobile markets, safety, environmental protection, and hygiene have gradually become important factors for consumers to consider. And fiber materials with high flame retardant properties have a broad application market

[0003] Related fiber materials have been prepared in the prior art, and it is difficult to satisfy high flame retardancy, antibacterial properties and environmental protection performance at the same time, and even if there are corresponding flame-retardant fibers, there are also defects of low corresponding performance

[0004] Chinese patent CN 110359106 A discloses a high-temperature heat-insulating and flame-retardant fiber, which adopts polyamic acid salt hydrogel for solution spinning, performs directional freezing during spinning, and collects frozen fibers; the frozen fibers are freeze-dried to remove ice crystals, A porous fiber with an oriented pore structure is obtained, but its pore size reaches 10-100 μm, which cannot meet the attachment requirements of the effective load modified nanomaterials, and because the pore size is too large, if the pore structure is loaded with a small amount of nanomaterials, it cannot be effectively loaded ( It is easy to separate and fall off during use), and if the attachment amount is too large, the cost will be too high, so it is necessary to ensure that the fiber pore structure matches the particle size of the loaded nanomaterials, and generally, the smaller the particle size of the inorganic nanomaterials, Its corresponding catalytic performance and antibacterial performance are better, so the porous fibers obtained by the above technical scheme cannot be effectively modified, and the obtained fibers are not nanofibers, which cannot meet the textile requirements of high-grade textiles

[0005] The Chinese patent CN108977915A discloses a flame-retardant polypropylene staple fiber and its preparation method. It introduces a flame-retardant polypropylene staple fiber, which is made of the following components by weight: 80-120 parts of polypropylene chips, polyacrylonitrile base 40-60 parts of carbon fiber, 40-60 parts of flame retardant, 20-40 parts of dispersant, 10-20 parts of plasticizer and 20-30 parts of color masterbatch. Mixing, direct mechanical mixing of raw materials is difficult to ensure that the components are fully uniform, and cannot achieve good flame retardant and antibacterial properties

[0006] Chinese patent CN108866668A discloses a nano-flame retardant material, which is obtained by propylene monomer, vinyl-containing silane coupling agent, emulsifier, initiator, nano-magnesium hydroxide, ammonium polyphosphate, nano-silica, and solvent. The spinning solution is prepared by the gas-jet spinning process, which directly mixes the modified component and the fiber raw material component and spray-spins it. Although it has good flame retardancy and strong mechanical properties, its antibacterial property is poor and its environmental protection performance is not up to standard.

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