The invention discloses a tree model task management system applied to functional programming. The tree model task management system comprises function model representation of functional programming,a task management system and a data management system. After a tree model for representing the functional programming is analyzed by a computer, the task management system creates task nodes accordingto a tree structure, and performs runtime management on the task nodes; and data needed to be read during task running, and output data are subjected to unified allocation and management by the datamanagement system. According to the system, tasks during running are managed by the tree structure, namely, during task running, a running sequence of the tasks is scheduled according to a dependencyrelationship of the tree structure, and a sub-task is created for each tree node; when the sub-task is finished, an output of the sub-task is transmitted to a father node task to serve as an input, and the father node task is aroused to continue executing operation; father nodes have the dependency relationship according to a function connection relationship; and non-lineal relational tree nodes do not have the dependency relationship and can be executed as parallel computing tasks.