The invention discloses an electronic archive hierarchical management method based on a
Merkle tree, and belongs to the field of personal user electronic archive management. According to the method, for sensitive files in a user file, an encrypted file is generated, a hash value is calculated, the encrypted file is uploaded to an IPFS distributed storage
system, an identifier with unique content is generated, a secondary
encryption result of the identifier and an
encryption key is written into a block chain, a user decentralized identifier is used as a root node, and a hierarchical
Merkle tree structure is dynamically constructed through an intelligent contract; for the non-sensitive data in the user file, calculating a hash value of the non-sensitive data, and storing the hash value and the
metadata in a regional chain together; when a
verification request is initiated, the identifier recorded in the node is compared with the hash value of the IPFS storage file, after consistency is verified, the
Merkle tree node is allowed to be accessed and modified, the on-chain storage cost is reduced, the data tamper-proof capability and
verification efficiency are improved, and dynamic
authority control and cross-chain hash anchoring are supported.