The invention discloses a drug and patient drug prescription checking system, a hospital pharmacy drug dispensing system and method. The checking system comprises an intelligent drug information capturing system and a hospital drug dispensing management system, wherein the intelligent drug information capturing system comprises a motor, a drug delivery belt and a plurality of CCD cameras, the drugdelivery belt is used for delivering to-be-checked drug, the motor and the drug delivery belt are connected and drive the drug delivery belt to move, the plurality of CCD cameras capture instant photos of a drug package and / or a drug label from different directions respectively and transmit the instant photos to the hospital drug dispensing management system, the hospital drug dispensing management system matches the instant photos captured by the CCD cameras and a standard photo, the drug on the drug delivery belt is recognized, the recognized drug and the patient drug prescription are subjected to matching checking, and whether to be correct is judged. The checking speed is quick, the checking efficiency is high, the number of checking pharmacists can be greatly reduced, and wrong problems existing in the checking itself can be avoided.