The invention discloses a target tracking method for an aerial image. The target tracking method comprises the steps: S100, executing an incremental search strategy around a target position of a previous frame; S200, enabling the sampled sample to pass through a twin network and a region recommendation network to obtain a target of a prediction position; S300, judging whether prediction succeeds or not by calculating the similarity between the target at the prediction position and the target template; if the prediction succeeds, storing the specific target position for the next prediction; when prediction fails, if n frames of prediction of the system in continuous N frames fail, judging that the target is lost, and entering the step S400, otherwise, judging that the target is detected mistakenly; and S400, initializing the detection frame, placing the detection frame at the central point of the current frame image, executing an incremental search strategy, and performing detection andtracking again until the target is repositioned. According to the target tracking method, the re-detection speed after the target is shielded is obviously improved, and the error sampling calculationof the detection frame is reduced, and rapid re-positioning can be realized.