The invention discloses a natural lightning strike discharge process monitoring system, comprising an intelligent terminal, a server, a light control curtain device, a temperature and humidity sensor,a first photographing device, a thunderstorm weather analysis device, a high speed photographing device, an electric field measurement device, a magnetic field measurement device, a thunder detectiondevice, a light detection device and a second photographing device. The thunderstorm weather analysis device is connected with the second photographing device, the temperature and humidity sensor, the high speed photographing device, the electric field measurement device, the magnetic field measurement device and the thunder detection device. The server is connected with the intelligent terminal,the high speed photographing device, the electric field measurement device, the magnetic field measurement device, the thunder detection device, the light detection device, the second photographing device and the first photographing device. Thunder and lightning observation data can be fully automatically and reliably collected in a thunder and lightning observation process. The defect resultingfrom manual operation can be effectively reduced. Working efficiency can be effectively improved.