A MIMO communication apparatus wherein HARQ technique is utilized, in a MIMO system, to simplify feedback information and hence reduce the amount of information to be transmitted, thereby saving the transmission resources of the system, while improving the efficiency of data transmission. Additionally, this MIMO communication apparatus has a simple structure, while being capable of performing a reliable data retransmission. This MIMO communication apparatus comprises means (buffer 202) for storing ACK/NACK information of each of data substreams generated and fed back by another MIMO communication apparatus; means (transmission efficiency estimating part 208) for estimating, based on the stored information, a transmission efficiency of each data substream; and means (antenna selecting part 203) for selecting, in accordance with a result of that estimation, a predetermined number of antennas having high transmission efficiencies. This MIMO communication apparatus then retransmits data, for which reception errors have occurred, from the selected antennas.