Method for preparing lithium cobaltate by directly using spent lithium ion batteries

Abstract

A method for preparing lithium cobaltate by directly using spent lithium ion batteries comprises crushing spent lithium ion batteries or waste leftover materials generated during lithium cobaltate battery production by using a machinery crusher at normal temperature, adding one or more of water, acetic acid, sulfuric acid, hydrochloric acid and nitric acid, so as to prepare an aqueous solution of a mixture of the battery crushed materials and the acid, putting in an enclosed pressure reaction kettle, controlling the kettle internal temperature to be 50-150 DEG C, introducing or adding one of leaching additives sulfur dioxide and hydrogen, or adding hydrazine hydrate, stirring for leaching, then cooling and filtering, adding one of sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate and ammonium carbonate precipitating agents into the filtrate, or adding a composite precipitating agent composed of one of sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate and ammonium carbonate and one of sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide, so as to obtain a mixture of lithium carbonate, cobalt carbonate and cobalt hydroxide, and performing drying and high-temperature roasting, so as to obtain the lithium cobaltate product. The method is especially suitable for the processing scale of middle and small-sized enterprises, and is an effective method for direct material formation of cobalt-containing sources.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to a method for directly preparing lithium cobaltate by using a failed lithium ion battery, and belongs to the technical fields of nonferrous metal resource recycling and battery material preparation. In particular, the treatment method involving lithium cobalt oxide as the positive electrode material of the invalid lithium ion battery and the leftover waste does not go through many pretreatment procedures for separating the positive electrode material, and uses special leaching means to make lithium and cobalt elements enter the solution, and then remove them from the solution. Lithium and cobalt are precipitated in the medium, and lithium cobaltate is prepared by roasting, which provides an unlimited scale method for direct materialization of failed lithium-ion batteries. Background technique [0002] Cobalt is a strategic metal resource that is in short supply in China. It is one of the metals with the highest dependence on for...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

The solvent used to dissolve the binder with an organic solvent is expensive, and it is also difficult to separate the electrode material from other materials in the battery

The use of roasting pretreatment to remove organic matter is relatively simple, reducing the separation process and equipment of electrode materials, and obtaining metal-containing roasted products, but roasting will produce severely toxic gases such as hydrogen fluoride, dioxins, and furans, polluting the environment, and A large number of new cobalt-containing phases are produced, such as tricobalt tetroxide, etc., which are difficult to leach and extract, which is not conducive to the recovery of cobalt. It also makes tin-lead solder easy to leach during roasting, which increases the impurity content of subsequent solutions.

[0004] At present, there are different processes and methods in China. There are many types of chemicals used in recycling metals, the process is long, the waste generation is large, and the cost is high.

In addition, due to the difficulty in collecting failed lithium-ion batteries in China, it is difficult to meet the requirements of large-scale centralized processing, and the scale of general processing enterprises is generally small

Due to the special structure of lithium-ion batteries, the main valuable substance - lithium cobalt oxide is closely bonded to the aluminum foil current collector, which is not only difficult to disassemble and break, but also causes serious mechanical entrainment loss of lithium cobalt oxide during screening and magnetic separation. The rate is very low, which is the main reason for the low comprehensive recovery rate of cobalt, copper and lithium in the whole process, and the efficiency of the current general treatment method is also low

Taking the amorphous citrate precipitation method as an example, the comprehensive recovery rate of the valuable metals cobalt, copper, and lithium is only about 50%, and due to many processing procedures, the various reagents used are relatively expensive, and the processing cost is relatively high