Rubidium-based high-selectivity separation membrane and separation and enrichment method thereof

A high-selectivity, separation and enrichment technology, applied in the field of separation and enrichment technology for rubidium, can solve the problems of slow mass transfer rate of polymer-containing membranes, and achieve the effects of high stability, low water solubility and strong selectivity

Active Publication Date: 2020-01-21
XI'AN UNIVERSITY OF ARCHITECTURE AND TECHNOLOGY
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  • Summary
  • Abstract
  • Description
  • Claims
  • Application Information

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, the mass transfer rate of polymer-containing membranes is slow, and there is a large bottleneck in industrial applications, and there is no report on the development of technologies related to the membrane extraction and separation of rubidium.

Method used

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Examples

Experimental program
Comparison scheme
Effect test

Embodiment 1

[0054] Mix 2.80% PVC, 95.13% tetrahydrofuran, 0.39% extractant DC18C6 and 1.68% carrier trioctylphosphine oxide, stir at room temperature until completely dissolved, pour into a flat glass petri dish and maintain the liquid level Between 1.0 and 2.0mm, wrap and cover with plastic wrap, place it horizontally, and volatilize at 30°C until it becomes a translucent film. Soak it in a small amount of water, take it out, measure it with a spiral micrometer with an accuracy of 0.01mm, select a membrane with a thickness of 150-200μm, fix it with a gasket and screws and install it in the hollow splint at the center of the two liquid pools of the liquid membrane osmosis device , pasted with a sealant to ensure that the materials in the liquid pools on both sides can only pass through the membrane for mass transfer. The effective mass transfer area of ​​the membrane is 3.14cm 2 . Inject 100 mL of an aqueous solution containing 30 mg / L of rubidium nitrate, sodium nitrate and potassium n...

Embodiment 2

[0056] Compared with Embodiment 1, Embodiment 2 differs only in the operating voltage, which is a direct current voltage of 100V. The composition of the membrane, the conditions of the feed liquid phase and the analytical phase are exactly the same. During the mass transfer process, it was observed that the current density was maintained below 0.02A. After 28 hours of mass transfer, the concentration of rubidium in the feed liquid pool was lower than 3mg / L, and the sodium ion The concentrations of rubidium and potassium ions decreased to 21.5mg / L and 4.3mg / L respectively, and 90% of rubidium ions were mass-transferred. The concentrations of rubidium, sodium and potassium in the analytical cell were 26.3mg / L, 6.9mg / L, and 23.5mg / L, respectively. The permeability coefficient of rubidium is 2.2μm / s, and the relative selectivity separation factor S of rubidium and sodium and potassium Rb / Na and S Rb / K 12.5 and 1.3, respectively. The concentration of rubidium in the analytical c...

Embodiment 3

[0058] Compared with Example 1, Example 3 has a different membrane composition, and the feed solution contains 30 mg / L of lithium ions in addition to 30 mg / L of rubidium, sodium and potassium. Among them, the composition of the selective separation membrane of rubidium changes as follows:

[0059] 2.3% of polyvinylidene fluoride, 94.4% of weak polar aprotic solvent dichloroethane, 0.3% of co-extraction agent DC18C6 and 3.0% of carrier trioctyl phosphine oxide. After mixing and dissolving the above-mentioned substances into a homogeneous solution, it is prepared by placing it in a flat container at room temperature for defoaming and volatile solvent. The operating voltage is still maintained at 100V, and the conditions of the feed liquid phase and the analytical phase are exactly the same. At a stirring speed of 300 rpm, after 22 hours of mass transfer, the concentration of rubidium in the feed liquid pool drops to 2.5 mg / L, and the lithium ion , sodium ions and potassium ions...

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Abstract

The invention discloses a rubidium-based high-selectivity separation membrane and a separation and enrichment method thereof. The rubidium-based high-selectivity separation membrane is prepared through a solvent evaporation method after a carrier, a base polymer, a synergist extractant, an organic solvent and the like are mixed and dissolved into a homogeneous solution. According to rubidium separation and enrichment, a high-selectivity rubidium membrane extraction device is used for efficiently extracting, separating and enriching rubidium from mixed feed liquid containing alkali metal ions such as rubidium, lithium and sodium under the acceleration of an external electric field. The separation membrane with high selectivity to rubidium ions provided by the invention is simple and convenient to prepare and stable in performance; rubidium extraction and reverse extraction are synchronous, the rubidium/sodium separation factor is high, the mass transfer process is stable, and continuousoperation can be achieved. Energy consumption is low, and secondary pollution is avoided. The rubidium-based high-selectivity separation membrane and the method can be used for separating and enriching low-concentration rubidium in high-sodium and high-lithium background solutions such as brine lithium extraction raffinate or lepidolite lithium extraction raffinate.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the field of hydrometallurgy and industrial separation of rare and precious metals, and relates to a membrane product with a selective separation effect on rubidium, a precious metal, and a separation and enrichment technology for rubidium. Background technique [0002] Alkali metal rubidium has a wide range of practical applications in the fields of new energy, aerospace technology and national defense industry. Nearly 10 million tons of rubidium resources in my country are distributed in liquid resources such as seawater and brine at a low concentration of less than 100 mg / L, and only a very small amount exists in ore resources such as lepidolite and cesium lepidolite. After rubidium reaches 1g / L, rubidium can be mineralized and extracted by fractional crystallization, precipitation, etc., but low-concentration rubidium is not suitable for precipitation mineralization. Compared with alkali metal ions such as sodium, potassiu...

Claims

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Application Information

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Patent Type & Authority Applications(China)
IPC IPC(8): B01D71/32B01D71/30B01D67/00C22B3/26C22B26/10
CPCB01D71/30B01D71/32B01D67/0002C22B26/10C22B3/26Y02P10/20
Inventor 孟晓荣乔茹楷李佳文
Owner XI'AN UNIVERSITY OF ARCHITECTURE AND TECHNOLOGY
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