77 results about "Ankle prosthesis" patented technology

A fixed-bearing ankle prosthesis may include tibial and talar components whose articulating surfaces directly contact one another. The tibial component defines medial and lateral concave condylar facets separated by a convex central portion. The talar component includes medial and lateral convex condyles separated by a concave central portion. The condyles each have a single radius of curvature in a medial-lateral plane such that each condyle has a circular-arc cross-section continuously extending from the respective medial or lateral edge of the talar component to the concave central portion. The medial-lateral radii of the condyles are smaller than corresponding radii of the condylar facets.

The invention provides an ankle prosthesis for use in the field of orthopedic prostheses comprising a talus implant for implanting in or on the talus and a top element including a tibia implant for implanting in or on the base of the tibia. The top element and the talus implant being mounted to move relative to each other by friction on a contact interface so as to allow the ankle to move. The contact interface presents a friction surface that can be considered as being a fraction of a substantially frustoconical surface. When implanted, the substantially frustoconical surface is oriented so that its larger radius portion is directed substantially towards the outside of the ankle.

Ankle prosthesis apparatuses, systems and methods are provided as disclosed herein. Additionally, systems and methods for bone resection and implantation of prosthetics are provided, including surgical techniques and related instrumentation. An ankle prosthesis apparatus can include a talar component having a lower surface with a bone fixation portion for fixation to a talus bone and an upper surface designed for articulation with a bearing component. The bearing component can have a lower surface for articulation with the talar component and an upper surface for articulation with a tibial component. The tibial component can have a lower surface for articulation with the bearing component and an upper surface with a bone fixation portion for fixation to a tibia bone and / or a fibula bone. The bearing component can have a protrusion on its upper surface adapted for engagement with a recess on the tibial component to allow desired rotational and translational movement. Methods and systems can be used to prepare a bone surface for implantation of a prosthesis including determining a location for a curved cut line on the bone surface and drilling a series of holes tangent to the curved cut line to create a curved bone resection surface. Methods and systems can be used for the implantation of an ankle joint prosthesis including the use of an alignment guide, tibia and talus drill guides, tibia and talus saw guides, and tibia and talus broach guides, all components of which can be placed on and removed from a plurality of alignment anchor pins throughout the implantation procedure. A method for medially to laterally implanting an ankle joint prosthesis can include exposing tibia and talus bones from the medial side, resection of the tibia and talus bones, broaching the tibia and talus bones, and positioning and affixing the ankle joint prosthesis components.

A total ankle replacement system, novel surgical method for total ankle replacement, and novel surgical tools for performing the surgical method are described. The total ankle replacement system includes the calcaneus in fixation of a lower prosthesis body, thereby significantly increasing the amount of bone available for fixation of the lower prosthesis body and allowing the lower prosthesis body to be anchored with screws. The total ankle replacement system further includes a long tibial stem which can also be anchored into the tibia with, for example, screws, nails, anchors, or some other means of attachment. The novel surgical arthroscopic method allows introduction of ankle prostheses into the ankle joint through an exposure in the tibial tubercle. Various novel surgical instruments, such as a telescoping articulating reamer and a talo-calcaneal jig, which facilitate the novel surgical method, are also described.

Ankle implant systems and methods are provided that can allow a surgeon to select the type of prosthesis desired during an ankle surgical operation. The surgeon can implant a set of standardized fixation components into the tibia and / or fibula bones and the talus bone. Once implanted, the surgeon can select a bearing component from a number of bearing components that allow for different size patients, but also modify the manner in which the prosthesis functions (either semiconstrained or unconstrained). In one embodiment, an ankle implant can include a talar component having a lower surface with a bone fixation portion for fixation to a talus bone. A tibial component has an upper surface with a bone fixation portion for fixation of the tibial component to a tibia bone and / or a fibula bone, and the tibial component also has a lower surface with at least one protrusion extending from the lower surface. A bearing component is included between the tibial and talar components and has a lower surface for cooperative engagement with an upper surface of the talar component. The protrusion of the tibial component is adapted to engage a recess of the bearing component to desirably limit rotational and translational movement of the tibial component relative to the bearing component.

An implant for use in ankle arthroplasty is provided. The implant includes a first member for cooperation with the tibia and a second member for cooperation with the talus. The second member is operably associated with the first member. The implant also includes a third member rigidly removably connectable to the second member. The third member includes a portion of the third member for attachment to the calcaneous. The third member is adapted to provide for a first position in the calcaneous when said third member is in a first relative position with respect to the second member is adapted to provide for a second position in the calcaneous when the third member is in a second relative position with respect to the second member.

The invention relates to an ankle prosthesis (1) comprising a talar implant (2) designed to be implanted in or on the talus (3), a tibial implant (4) designed to be implanted in or on the tibia (5), and an intermediate implant (6) designed to be interposed between the tibial implant and the talar implant, said intermediate implant (6) being designed to be mounted to move relative to said talar implant (2) at a contact interface (7) in order to allow the ankle to move, said ankle prosthesis (1) being characterized in that it is provided with configurable coupling means (10) designed to enable the intermediate implant (6) to be arranged relative to the tibial implant (4) in a specific configuration chosen from among a plurality of possible configurations.

A malleolar implant for partial or total ankle prosthesis which includes a head having a surface to bear against an astragalus or astragalian prosthetic component and from which head extends a shank adapted to be inserted through a bore in a fibula wherein the shank is provided with means for hooking a traction member which is adapted to be inserted through the bore in the fibula in order to apply a force to pull the implant into the bore such that the implant is seated within the bore of the fibula.

A subsidence protection device is provided. The subsidence protection device may be placed in either the tibia or the talus to support a portion of a total ankle prosthesis.

An ankle prosthesis includes a tibial component attachable to a tibia. A bearing component is movable in an anterior-to-posterior direction to thereby engage and become releasably attached to the tibial component. The bearing component can be released from the tibial component by movement in a posterior-to-anterior direction to thereby be removed from the tibial component.

A method prepares an ankle joint of a patient for replacement. The patient includes a tibia (20) having a medial portion (22), a talus (40), and an ankle (10) having a medial portion. The method employs a cutting alignment apparatus (50) including a first portion external to the patient and a second portion, and surgically prepares and exposes the medial portion of the ankle for replacement. The second portion of the cutting alignment apparatus is coupled to the tibia, and a cutting guide (90) is disposed with respect to the cutting alignment apparatus. The medial portion of the tibia is detached, a portion of the tibia proximate the talus is cut, and a portion of the talus proximate the tibia is cut. An ankle prosthesis (100) is installed to the ankle, and the medial portion of the tibia is reattached.

A surgical instrument including at least one tibial phantom generally corresponding to at least certain features of the tibial implant. The tibial phantom includes a top surface adapted to move freely against the prepared bottom end of the tibia. At least one talus phantom generally corresponding to at least certain features of the talus implant is engaged with the prepared top surface of the talus. At least one phantom skid is located between the tibial phantom and the talus phantom. The phantom skid is engaged with the tibial phantom such that dynamic engagement between the phantom skid and the talus phantom through at least extension and flexion of the ankle joint positions the tibial phantom on the prepared bottom end of the tibia. The phantom skid can either be a part of the tibial phantom or a separate component.

A surgical instrument including at least one tibial phantom generally corresponding to at least certain features of the tibial implant. The tibial phantom includes a top surface adapted to move freely against the prepared bottom end of the tibia. At least one talus phantom generally corresponding to at least certain features of the talus implant is engaged with the prepared top surface of the talus. At least one phantom skid is located between the tibial phantom and the talus phantom. The phantom skid is engaged with the tibial phantom such that dynamic engagement between the phantom skid and the talus phantom through at least extension and flexion of the ankle joint positions the tibial phantom on the prepared bottom end of the tibia. The phantom skid can either be a part of the tibial phantom or a separate component.

An ankle prosthesis includes a tibial device attachable to a tibia. The tibial device has a concave articulating surface. A talar assembly includes a dome portion having a convex articulating surface engaging the concave articulating surface of the tibial device such that the dome portion is pivotable relative to the tibial device. The talar assembly also includes a base portion attachable to a talus. The base portion is pivotable relative to the dome portion.

An orthopedic prosthesis, system and method has a dual bearing component that, along with first and second bone anchoring components, provides multi-axial movement separately with respect to both the first and second bone anchoring components. An ankle prosthesis, system and method may thus be fashioned utilizing these principles that includes a dual bearing component, a tibial component adapted for attachment to the tibia bone, and a talar component adapted for attachment to the talus or calceneus bone of the foot. The dual bearing component includes a superior bearing providing gliding articulation / translation between it and the tibial component, and an inferior bearing providing gliding articulation / translation between it and the talar component. A bearing component plate provides a base or foundation for the superior and inferior bearings. The superior bearing is bonded to the bearing component plate while the inferior bearing moves with respect to the bearing component plate.

The tibial component of a prosthetic ankle joint including a tibial component, a talar component, and an intermediate sliding plastic bearing, with the tibial component including a depending peripheral wall that surrounds and is spaced from the plastic bearing and is intended to reduce rubbing of the plastic bearing against tissue which would produce wear particles that lead to the formation of bone cysts. The depending peripheral wall of the tibial component is intended to reduce such possible abrasions by at least partially shielding the plastic bearing from the surrounding tissue.

One embodiment of the present invention relates to an ankle prosthesis. Another embodiment of the present invention relates to a total ankle replacement prosthesis. Another embodiment of the present invention relates to an ankle replacement (partial or total) which is adapted, for example: (a) to treat arthritis of the ankle (e.g., ankle arthritis of any cause: after precious trauma; primary; malalignment induced; after hindfoot fusion; from recurrent ankle instability; rheumatoid or inflammatory arthritis; gout; local growth; dysplasia; growth plate arrest; avascular necrosis; hemophilia; distant septic event); (b) to revise a fused ankle; and / or (c) to treat trauma. The ankle replacement may be carried out by replacing one or more joint surfaces of an ankle joint. Another embodiment of the present invention relates to a method for inserting an ankle prosthesis.

An implant for use in ankle arthroplasty is provided. The implant includes a first member for cooperation with the tibia and a second member for cooperation with the talus. The second member is operably associated with the first member. The implant also includes a third member rigidly removably connectable to the second member. The third member includes a portion of the third member for attachment to the calcaneus. The third member is adapted to provide for a first position in the calcaneus when the third member is in a first relative position with respect to the second member and is adapted to provide for a second position in the calcaneus when the third member is in a second relative position with respect to the second member.

A neuromorphic controlled powered orthotic and prosthetic system and device including a custom or universal fit fixed-ankle orthosis, to stabilize or immobilize an injured lower limb or act as an ankle prosthesis, and an actuated or powered articulated false-foot connected to the fixed-ankle orthosis or the prosthesis to form an actuated articulated false-foot orthosis. Associated with or mounted on the actuated articulated false-foot, or in or on the body, are sensors for sensing the intent of the subject to move, and the movement range of the articulating false-foot or AAFO and an environmental perturbation. An actuator is used to drive the articulated false-foot orthosis. The system and device further include a controller having an electronic circuit with a biomimetic design based on knowledge of connectivity of neurons within the spinal cord of a primitive vertebrate. The system and device include an electronic circuit made from analog very large scale integrated components and discrete electronic components capable of autonomously generating cyclic voltage output. An integral power supply serves the portable controller and AAFO.

A neuromorphic controlled powered orthotic and prosthetic system and device including a custom or universal fit fixed-ankle orthosis, to stabilize or immobilize an injured lower limb or act as an ankle prosthesis, and an actuated or powered articulated false-foot connected to the fixed-ankle orthosis or the prosthesis to form an actuated articulated false-foot orthosis. Associated with or mounted on the actuated articulated false-foot, or in or on the body, are sensors for sensing the intent of the subject to move, and the movement range of the articulating false-foot or AAFO and an environmental perturbation. An actuator is used to drive the articulated false-foot orthosis. The system and device further include a controller having an electronic circuit with a biomimetic design based on knowledge of connectivity of neurons within the spinal cord of a primitive vertebrate. The system and device include an electronic circuit made from analog very large scale integrated components and discrete electronic components capable of autonomously generating cyclic voltage output. An integral power supply serves the portable controller and AAFO.

A prosthetic ankle assembly including an astragalar component with an upper articular surface that forms part of an ankle joint prosthesis and a lower surface with a shape adapted to engage an upper face of an astragalus. An astragalocalcanean rod is positioned in an astragalocalcanean channel extending from the lower face of the calcaneus to the upper surface of the astragalus. A first end of the astragalocalcanean rod is engage with the lower surface of the astragalar component and a second end of the astragalocalcanean rod is engaged with a lower region of the calcaneus. A distance between the second end of the astragalocalcanean rod is adjustable relative to the lower surface of the astragalar component to adjustably compress the calcaneus against the astragalus.

A method prepares an ankle joint of a patient for replacement. The patient includes a tibia (20) having a medial portion (22), a talus (40), and an ankle (10) having a medial portion. The method employs a cutting alignment apparatus (50) including a first portion external to the patient and a second portion, and surgically prepares and exposes the medial portion of the ankle for replacement. The second portion of the cutting alignment apparatus is coupled to the tibia, and a cutting guide (90) is disposed with respect to the cutting alignment apparatus. The medial portion of the tibia is detached, a portion of the tibia proximate the talus is cut, and a portion of the talus proximate the tibia is cut. An ankle prosthesis (100) is installed to the ankle, and the medial portion of the tibia is reattached.

A surgical instrument including at least one tibial phantom generally corresponding to at least certain features of the tibial implant. The tibial phantom includes a top surface adapted to move freely against the prepared bottom end of the tibia. At least one talus phantom generally corresponding to at least certain features of the talus implant is engaged with the prepared top surface of the talus. At least one phantom skid is located between the tibial phantom and the talus phantom. The phantom skid is engaged with the tibial phantom such that dynamic engagement between the phantom skid and the talus phantom through at least extension and flexion of the ankle joint positions the tibial phantom on the prepared bottom end of the tibia. The phantom skid can either be a part of the tibial phantom or a separate component.

The present invention pertains to a femoral knee-ankle prosthesis intended for persons who are lower-limb amputees but still have a segment suitable for a femoral connection and a tibial connection connected to the femoral segment based on an articulation which reproduces the movements of the knee, the said tibial segment being articulated on one foot based on an articulation reproducing the movements of the ankle, an initial damper the ends of which are joined respectively with the femoral and tibial segments, and another hydraulic damper of which the ends are joined respectively with the tibial and foot segment; the said prosthesis is remarkable in that the chamber of the first hydraulic damper is connected to the chamber of the second hydraulic damper and in that it consists of the means of controlling the first and / or second hydraulic damper depending on the phase of the walking cycle such as the stance phase or the swing phase and / or real-life situations such as stairs, slopes or standing, etc., in such a manner that the flexion of the knee allows the dorsiflexion of the ankle in proportion to the movement of the knee during the stance phase and such that the flexion of the knee results in the dorsiflexion of the ankle during the swing phase.

An orthopedic prosthesis, system and method has a dual bearing component that, along with first and second bone anchoring components, provides multi-axial movement separately with respect to both the first and second bone anchoring components. An ankle prosthesis, system and method may thus be fashioned utilizing these principles that includes a dual bearing component, a tibial component adapted for attachment to the tibia bone, and a talar component adapted for attachment to the talus or calceneus bone of the foot. The dual bearing component includes a superior bearing providing gliding articulation / translation between it and the tibial component, and an inferior bearing providing gliding articulation / translation between it and the talar component. A bearing component plate provides a base or foundation for the superior and inferior bearings. The superior bearing is bonded to the bearing component plate while the inferior bearing moves with respect to the bearing component plate.

Intramedullary guidance systems and methods introduce some and / or all surgical tools and ankle prostheses components through the tibia, using minimal invasive exposure in the tibia tubercle, or retrograde through the talus, using minimal invasive exposure in planar surface of the calcaneus. The systems and methods align the talus and tibia for the installation of one or more ankle prostheses components, and also maintain that alignment during the installation using intramedullary guidance, e.g., by use of a guide pin to form an intramedullar passage along which surgical tools and prosthetic components are guided.

A method prepares an ankle joint of a patient for replacement. The patient includes a tibia (20) having a medial portion (22), a talus (40), and an ankle (10) having a medial portion. The method employs a cutting alignment apparatus (50) including a first portion external to the patient and a second portion, and surgically prepares and exposes the medial portion of the ankle for replacement. The second portion of the cutting alignment apparatus is coupled to the tibia, and a cutting guide (90) is disposed with respect to the cutting alignment apparatus. The medial portion of the tibia is detached, a portion of the tibia proximate the talus is cut, and a portion of the talus proximate the tibia is cut. An ankle prosthesis (100) is installed to the ankle, and the medial portion of the tibia is reattached.

A system for preparing an ankle bone to receive an ankle prosthesis is provided. The system includes a patient specific cutting guide that has an anterior surface, a posterior surface, and at least one cutting feature extending through the guide from the anterior surface. The posterior surface comprising a first protrusion or other member that extends from a first end fixed to the posterior surface to a second end disposed away from the first end of the first protrusion. The posterior surface has a second protrusion or other member that extends from a first end fixed to the posterior surface to a second end disposed away from the first end of the second protrusion. The first and second protrusions are spaced apart and have a length such that when the patient specific cutting guide is coupled with first and second bone references, which can include bushings implantable in bones, a clearance gap is provided between the posterior surface and the ankle bone.

The present invention relates to a stabilized ankle prosthesis configured for use in patients with compromised soft tissue in the ankle. The prosthesis of the present invention is a two-component design comprising a stabilizing lip configured to constrain movement in the general direction of compromised soft tissue.