The present invention relates to the technical field of vector
database retrieval, and discloses a vector
database index recommendation method, apparatus, device, and medium. The method comprises: performing
cluster analysis on a vector
data set, extracting data distribution characteristics based on the clustering results, and obtaining a vector data portrait; the data distribution characteristics include the center distance between clusters and whether a head-
tail structure exists; determining a recommended index based on the vector data portrait according to a preset index recommendation strategy: if the center distance between clusters exceeds the upper limit of a set threshold interval, the IVF index is used as a whole; if the center distance between clusters is within the set threshold interval and there is no head-
tail structure, the IVF index is used as a whole; if there is a head-
tail structure, the IVF index is used for the backbone data portion, and the HNSW index is used for the sparse data portion; if the center distance between clusters is less than the
lower limit of the set threshold interval, the recommended index is HNSW. The present invention can adaptively recommend a suitable index type based on the data distribution characteristics within the vector
data set.