The application relates to the field of
oil drilling and borehole technology, and discloses a multistage ball-throwing type hydraulic variable-
diameter while-drilling
reamer, which comprises a shell, an
upper joint and a lower joint, a mandrel body is slidably connected in the shell, the outer wall of the mandrel body is provided with mandrel guide rails with gradually decreasing outer diameters, the inner side of a rotary connecting blade wing in the shell abuts against the mandrel guide rails, a
limiter is arranged on the bottom end of the mandrel body, a positioning block on the shell is slidably connected in a broken line-shaped groove on the outer wall of the
limiter, a ball-throwing seat is slidably connected below the
limiter, the two are drivingly connected through a shift pin and a groove structure, a plurality of claw bodies are arranged in an array on the inner wall of the ball-throwing seat, a reset base plate is arranged on the bottom end of the ball-throwing seat, a heavy spring is arranged below the reset base plate, and a collector is arranged in the lower joint. The mandrel guide rails are driven to go up and support the blade wing to expand the hole through ball-throwing pressure holding, the positioning block guides the limiter to rotate and shift gears and drives the claw bodies to spread and release pressure, the heavy spring is rebounded, multistage variable-
diameter and automatic
pressure release in single-trip drilling are realized.