The invention relates to a dynamic spectrum management semi-physical simulation experiment system and method based on the USRP. The semi-physical simulation experiment system comprises a frequency spectrum management center, a dynamic frequency spectrum access network and cognition users, wherein each cognition user is composed of a computer, the USRP and an antenna. The method includes the steps that the cognition users send frequency utilization requests to the frequency spectrum management center, the frequency spectrum management center conducts frequency spectrum distribution according to local frequency spectrum resources and the frequency utilization condition, and the distribution result is sent to the cognition users through the USRP. By means of the system and the method, the dynamic frequency spectrum management can be achieved, idle frequency spectrums are effectively used, the frequency spectrum utilization rate is increased, the key sub-modules (algorithms) to which the dynamic frequency spectrum management is related can be verified, the time required for the development is shortened, cost required for the development are reduced, and a good promotion effect on the dynamic frequency spectrum management is achieved.