UBAS is a critical El-activating
enzyme in the UFMylation pathway, a post-translational modification process implicated in neurodegenerative diseases and cancers. Here, a high-
throughput screening (HTS)
assay was developed to identify inhibitors of UBAS from various compound libraries. Eighteen novel UBAS inhibitors were identified, belonging to several distinct chemical scaffolds with low micromolar IC50 values. These inhibitors demonstrated selectivity for UBAS over other El enzymes, including UBA1, and showed
efficacy in inhibiting endogenous UFMylation in HEK293T cells. The identified inhibitors not only provided valuable tools for studying UFMylation but also represented potential therapeutic candidates for diseases associated with dysregulated UFMylation, such as Alzheimer's
disease and
cancer.