138 results about "Substrate molecule" patented technology

The methods described herein enable the evaluation of compounds on subjects to assess their therapeutic efficacy or toxic effects. The target of analysis is the underlying biochemical process or processes (i.e., metabolic process) thought to be involved in disease pathogenesis. Molecular flux rates within the one or more biochemical processes serve as biomarkers and are quantitated and compared with the molecular flux rates (i.e., biomarker) from control subjects (i.e., subjects not exposed to the compounds). Any change in the biomarker in the subject relative to the biomarker in the control subject provides the necessary information to evaluate therapeutic efficacy of an administered drug or a toxic effect and to develop the compound further if desired. In one aspect of the invention, stable isotope-labeled substrate molecules are administered to a subject and the label is incorporated into targeted molecules in a manner that reveals molecular flux rates through one or more metabolic pathways of interest. By this method, a comparison between subjects and control subjects reveals the effects of the chemical entity or entities on the biomarkers. This, in turn, allows for the identification of potential therapeutic uses or toxicities of the compound. Combinations of compounds can also be systematically evaluated for complementary, synergistic, or antagonistic actions on the metabolic pathways of interest, using the methods of the present invention as a strategy for identifying and confirming novel therapeutic or toxic combinations of compounds.

A method for the preparation of an immobilized protein ultrathin film reactor by immersing a solid support alternately into an aqueous solution of protein, and into an aqueous solution of polyion charged oppositely to said protein and preparing a structurally controlled ultrathin film of mono- or multi- protein layers on a said solid support with precision at molecular level. And a method for chemical reaction of a substrate by preparing an immobilized protein ultrathin film reactor composed of multiple layers of protein on a solid support by above mentioned method, and initiating a chemical change of the substrate molecules using obtained immobilized protein ultrathin film reactor.

Natural joint interfaces wear out and/or are damaged causing pain and disability. They can be currently replaced by artificial surfaces made of materials or in the near future by magnetic fields. They would benefit from a PVES (paramagnetic visco-viscoelastic supplement) that can replace or augment natural joint interfaces or augment total joint replacements. Joint replacement components can be modular and would benefit from a PVES to decrease wear and damp impact between modular parts of a single component. The PVES is a dynamic interface allowing components to be less rigid. Energy transmission is reduced. PVES can act as an interface between natural damaged joint surfaces obviating the need for classic total joint replacement or between the surfaces of artificial joint components to improve or supplement their function. These PVES can be controlled by magnetic fields with respect to their location, physical properties, loads, etc. PVES are typically made of paramagnetic ions and a substrate molecule. One such PVES can be made of gadolinium ions and hyaluronic acid to form gadolinium hyaluronate.

A method for specifically and uniformly synthesizing desired polymers within molecular array elements. Droplets containing a reactive monomer are successively applied to the elements of a molecular array in order to synthesize a substrate-bound polymer. Application of an initial droplet, having a first volume, defines the position and size of a molecular array element. Subsequent droplets are applied, to add successive reactive monomers to growing nascent polymers within the molecular array element, with covering volumes so that, even when application of the subsequent droplets is misregistered, the entire surfaces of the elements of the molecular array are exposed to the subsequently applied droplets. Following application of initial droplets, the surface of the molecular array is exposed to a solution containing a very efficient capping agent in order to chemically cap any unreacted nascent growing polymers and any unreacted substrate molecules.

Methods and compositions for detecting and characterizing target biomolecules using sensitizer-linked substrate molecules are disclosed. High throughput screening assays and therapeutic applications of the inventions are also included.

Methods and compositions for detecting and characterizing target biomolecules using sensitizer-linked substrate molecules are disclosed. High throughput screening assays and therapeutic applications of the inventions are also included

The invention provides a preparation method and applications of a multi-level pore structure metal organic framework material. The preparation method comprises: mixing a metal salt, an organic ligand, N,N-dimethylformamide, water and carboxylic acid, uniformly stirring, carrying out a hydrothermal reaction, cooling to a room temperature after completing the hydrothermal reaction, carrying out centrifugation, and purifying to prepare the multi-level pore structure metal organic framework material. According to the present invention, the prepared multi-level pore structure metal organic framework material has characteristics of stable performance and controlled and uniform pore size; and phosphotungstic acid is loaded in the mesoporous channel of the metal organic framework material through an in-situ synthesis method, the original framework structure can be remained after the loading, and the presence of the mesopores allows the contact between the large substrate molecule and the active site so as to extend the application range of the multi-level pore structure metal organic framework material.

The invention discloses a detection method for the activity of carboxylesterase and the activity of a carboxylesterase inhibitor, and belongs to the technical field of biology. The detection method solves the problems of lower sensitivity, frequent occurrence of false positive signals, complex method, expensive price and long consumed time in the existing enzyme activity detection method. The detection method comprises the following steps of: reacting substrate molecules and carboxylesterases with different concentrations so as to obtain a hydrolysis product; and mixing the obtained hydrolysis product, silver nitrate solution, polyanion solution and a micromolecule probe with positive charges, and carrying out fluorescence detection on the activity of the carboxylesterase. The invention also provides a detection method for the activity of the carboxylesterase inhibitor. The method has higher sensitivity, and the detection limit is 0.05mU/mL, and is lower than that of the existing certain detection method by 1 or 2 order of magnitudes; and simultaneously, experiments prove that the method has good selectivity, simpleness and convenience and low cost.

Recovery of hydrocarbons, such as petroleum products, from a liquid or solid substrate is facilitated by the use of microwave energy to energize and separate molecular bonds between the hydrocarbons and the substrate. A radio frequency (RF) applicator delivers microwave energy to a treatment volume containing an emulsion of a hydrocarbon and a substrate. Delivering the microwave energy to the emulsion facilitates separation of the hydrocarbon and substrate molecules into layers. Hydrocarbons and other products can then be recovered from their respective layers. The treatment volume may be located either above or below ground. The RF applicator may include an antenna body with slots formed substantially parallel to one another in a substantially horizontal orientation. The RF applicator efficiently delivers microwave energy into the treatment volume. Substantially all of the power supplied to the RF applicator is radiated, with very little power reflected internally within the RF applicator.

The invention relates to a protein molecule electronic device based on a nanopore structure. The protein molecule electronic device is a mono-enzyme biosensor which can be used for detecting a substrate molecule with extremely low concentration in a solution and sequencing the DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) of the single molecule. The protein molecule electronic device belongs to a third-generation DNA sequencing apparatus. The protein molecule electronic device based on the nanopore structure is characterized in that 1) the solution is divided into two parts by virtue of a solid structure with a nanochannel, wherein the solutions at the two sides of the solid structure are communicated by virtue of the nanochannel; 2) a protein molecule or a protein complex molecule is fixed in the nanochannel; 3) electrodes are respectively put in the two solutions separated by virtue of the solid structure, and resistance of the protein molecule in the nanochannel is detected by detecting current between the electrodes; and 4) the dynamic features of protein conformation are determined according to the changes of a current value passing through the protein molecule, and the information of the protein-catalyzed reaction substrate is obtained.

The invention provides a novel fluorescent dye structure and a synthesis method thereof. The anthracene structure fluorescent dye of the type has a high light absorption coefficient similar to that of fluorescein molecules, a high quantum yield and the like and meanwhile has more bathochromic-shift excitation wavelength and emission wavelength. The synthesis method is simple and economical and suitable for large-scale synthesis and group modification of a molecular structure. According to the anthracene fluorescent dye synthesis and application, phosphatase substrate molecules with a fluorescent generation property can be obtained through phosphorylation modification conducted on the molecules, and wide biological application prospect is achieved.

The invention discloses a preparation method of a molecular imprinting photocatalytic composite material based on 3D graphene/BiOI. The method is characterized by comprising the following steps: firstly, preparing a BiOI nano sphere; then modifying a polypyrrole molecular layer with a substrate molecular imprinting hole on the surface of the sphere; compounding the sphere with graphene to form a 3D graphene/BiOI molecular imprinting composite photocatalyst. The photocatalytic material obtained by the method has efficient selectivity and degrading performance, and has a wide application prospect in the field of managing organic pollutant wastewater.

The invention provides a novel transferase that acts on a saccharide, as a substrate, composed of at least three sugar units wherein at least three glucose residues on the reducing end are linked alpha-1,4 so as to transfer the alpha-1,4 lingages to a alpha-1,alpha-1 linkages; a process for producing the transferase; a gene coding for the same; and a process for producing an oligosaccharide by using the same. Also provided are a novel amylase that has a principal activity of acting on a saccharide, as a substrate, composed of at least three sugar units wherein at least three sugar units on the reducing end side are glucose units and the linkage between the first and the second glucose units is alpha-1,alpha-1 while the linkage between the second and the third glucose units is alpha-1,4 so as to liberate alpha,alpha-trehalose by hydrolyzing the alpha-1,4 linkage and another activity of hydrolyzing the alpha-1,4 linkage within the molecular chain of the substrate and that liberates disaccharides and/or monosaccharides as the principal final products; a process for producing the amylase; a gene coding for the same; and a process for producing alpha,alpha-trehalose by using a combination of the transferase and the amylase.

The invention discloses a multi-shell-layer hollow-core-shell cubic structure type M1.8M'1.2O4@CeO2 composite material and a preparation method thereof. The preparation method comprises the steps of firstly synthesizing a uniformly dispersed Prussian blue-similar metal organic framework material MM'-PBAs cubic structure, roasting MM'-PBAs at a high temperature under a specific condition so as to obtain a multi-shell-layer transition metal multiple oxide M1.8M'1.2O4 hollow cubic box based on an unbalanced thermal treatment method, and assembling a thickness-controllable CeO2 shell layer formedby nanometer crystals to the surface of M1.8M'1.2O4, so as to obtain the M1.8M'1.2O4@CeO2 core-shell cubic box. The process is simple, mild in condition and high in yield, a multi-shell-layer hollow structure material is directly obtained without use of a template or additional cavitation; the prepared material has a hollow structure and is large in specific surface area, meanwhile, the internal space can be effectively utilized by virtue of the multi-layer hollow structure, the contact area between substrate molecules and the material is increased, and more active sites are exposed, so that the catalytic oxidation performance is excellent.

Systems and method are provided for modeling substrate molecules so that the various pathway reaction rates, and thus their overall reaction rates and metabolic properties, can be predicted. The current invention provides various systems and methods for stoichiometrically measuring the pathway reaction rates, both directly and indirectly. By repeating this for a class or several classes of substrate molecules, a general model of pathway reaction rates can be developed by correlating observed pathway reaction rates to the actual structural descriptors of the molecules, in particular, features around the reactive sites. The model can then be used to predict and design substrates according to desired metabolic characteristics. The systems and methods are particularly applicable to metabolism of substrate molecules by the cytochrome P450 enzymes.

The invention discloses a method for specifically detecting isocarbophos in a catalytically colorimetric mode through interaction of a random ssDNA sequence, Hemin and a target in a NaH2PO4 buffer solution. Reagents adopted for the method mainly comprise the random ssDNA sequence, Hemin, H2O2 and 3,3',5,'5-tetramethyl benzidine (TMB). When the random ssDNA sequence and Hemin are firstly incubated for a certain time, the random ssDNA sequence can cover the surface of Hemin, the activity of Hemin for catalytically oxidizing TMB is restrained temporarily, N atoms in substrate molecules lose one electron, the color of the system is remarkably changed into light blue or blue from colorless originally, and at the moment, characteristic absorption peaks of a product are 370 nm and 650 nm. If isocarbophos is added into the system to jointly act for a certain time, the catalytic activity of hemin is greatly enhanced, substrate TMB loses two electrons and is changed into a diimine structure, at the moment, the color of the system is changed into yellow from blue, the characteristic absorption peak exists at the position of 450 nm, and the change amplitude of the light absorption value at the position of 450 nm and the concentration of isocarbophos are in direct proportion.

The invention provides a preparation method for synthesizing Fe3O4(PAA)@C-Au core-shell-structured microspheres with a one-step hydrothermal method, and belongs to the field of nano-composites. The preparation method comprises the following steps: (1) preparing monodisperse PAA (polyacrylic acid) modified Fe3O4 magnetic microspheres with uniform particle size; (2) supporting a porous carbon layer and precious metal nanoparticles with high catalytic activity on the surfaces of the magnetic microspheres with the one-step hydrothermal method, and a supported precious metal nano-composite catalytic material is obtained. According to the method, the precious metal nano-catalytic material with high catalytic activity is supported on the surfaces of the magnetic microspheres with one step, the porous carbon layer provides a channel for conveying substrate molecules and transporting products, and promotes the collision probability of a catalytic activity center and the substrate molecules; by means of stable immobilization of the precious metal nanoparticles, the problems of proneness to running away, proneness to agglomeration and the like of the precious metal nano-catalyst in a using process are solved effectively; the nano-composite catalytic material prepared with the method has high catalytic efficiency and strong cycling stability. The method adopts a simple reaction process, and is short in process, pollution-free, little in energy consumption and suitable for industrial production.

The invention relates to a supported PtAu catalyst and a method for catalytic reduction of olefinic bonds or acetylenic bonds by using same, and belongs to the technical field of heterogeneous catalysis. The supported PtAu catalyst is prepared by taking platinum acetylacetonate and chloroauric acid tetrahydrate as precursors and active carbon as a carrier, putting the two precursors into n-octadecylamine to prepare a bimetal PtAu through reduction, and loading the obtained bimetal PtAu on the active carbon. According to the method for catalytic reduction of the olefinic bonds or acetylenic bonds by using supported PtAu, halogenated aryl hydrocarbon is used as a substrate, the supported PtAu is used as a catalyst, and under a normal pressure hydrogen atmosphere at room temperature, the substrate and the catalyst are placed into an organic solvent to react so as to selectively reduce the olefinic bonds or acetylenic bonds in substrate molecules. The method has the advantages of simple preparation process of the catalyst, mild reaction condition, high catalyst activity, selectivity and stability and the like, so that highly selective reduction of the olefinic bonds or acetylenic bonds in a series of halogenated aryl hydrocarbon molecules.

The invention discloses a nano-structure-based protein unimolecular electronic device and preparation and application thereof; single protein or its complex molecules are fixed to a counter electrode at a nano hole, dynamical features of conformational fluctuation of the protein are characterized by detecting the electrical conductivity of the protein or its complex molecules in a solution, and the activity of the protein and the biochemical reactive process thereof with substrate molecules are detected. The nano-structure-based protein unimolecular electronic device may act as a third-generation sequencing method having great development potential, preparing special DNA sequencing libraries is not required, labeling nucleic acids is not required, ultra-long, continuous, quick and precise base reading can be performed, and ultralow-cost DNA sequencing and otherness can be achieved if a high-throughput molecular device is prepared.

The invention discloses a method for preparing rare-earth transition metal composite oxide porous hollow spheres and belongs to the field of inorganic nanometer materials and heterogeneous catalysis.The method comprises the following steps: 1, dissolving a rare-earth metal source and a transition metal source in a polyol medium, and synthesizing a solid spherical alkoxide precursor with excellentdispersion by adopting a solvothermal method; and 2, performing heat treatment on the precursor under specific conditions, and synthesizing the rare-earth transition metal composite oxide porous hollow spheres based on an unbalanced heat treatment method. The method disclosed by the invention has the advantages that the raw material price is low, the hollow structure material is directly obtained, and the prepared rare-earth transition metal composite oxide porous hollow spheres have the advantages of being uniform in metal element dispersion, controllable in composition and size, capable ofrealizing porous distribution of the shell layer and controllable in thickness; and when the hollow spheres are applied to a catalytic reaction, the contact area between the substrate molecule and catalytic active sites can be greatly enlarged, the interface synergy among different components of the rare-earth transition metal oxides contributes to transmission of reactive oxygen species at the heterogenous interface and transfer of electrons, and the activity of the catalytic oxidation reaction is obviously improved.