The invention discloses a water quality monitoring buoy station capable of autonomous cruise, which comprises a buoy station body, a counterweight box, a mounting slot, a first motor, a main shaft gear, a driving gear, a retractable rod, a mounting box, a second motor and a propeller, wherein the mounting slot is opened on the inner side of the bottom portion of the counterweight box, and the first motor is mounted on the inner side of top portion of the mounting slot. The water quality monitoring buoy station is scientific and reasonable in structure, and convenient and safe in using. The buoy station body is placed in the river from the bank, a remote controller is operated to transmit radio according to the direction of water quality monitoring, and a radio receiver is enabled to startthe first motor via a control panel, the first motor regulates the direction of the propeller via the main shaft gear and the driving gear, the remote controller is operated again, the control panel is enabled to start the second motor, the second motor drives the propeller at this time, and thus the buoy station body forwards toward the direction of water quality monitoring, thus the step of placing the buoy station body by labor is neglected, and the placing time and placing cost are saved.