The invention discloses a real-time monitoring, early warning and dust removing system and method for a corrosion foil surface. The system comprises a PLC, a transmission roll mechanism, a winding mechanism and an alarming device, and a buffering mechanism, an image capturing assembly and a dust removing device are arranged between the transmission roll mechanism and the winding mechanism; and thephotoelectric signal output end of the image capturing assembly is connected with the signal input end of the PLC, and the signal output end of the PLC is connected with the signal input ends of a transmission motor, a winding motor, a synchronous lifting motor, a dust removing device and the alarming device. According to the real-time monitoring, early warning and dust removing system and methodfor the corrosion foil surface, a video image collection and identification technology and an online dust removing technology are combined, and therefore automation, high efficiency and accuracy of product testing are achieved while continuous production is achieved; and in addition, detection result feedback is timely, output data and results are comprehensive and visual, the detection results are more precise and comprehensive, online analyzing and product performance data tracing are convenient, the production cost of enterprises can be reduced, and the real-time monitoring, early warningand dust removing system and method for the corrosion foil surface are suitable for large-scale production.