Hydrogen metallurgy method

Abstract

The invention relates to a hydrogen metallurgy method and related equipment, and relates to the technical field of hydrogen metallurgy and hydrogen energy. The method comprises the following steps: rapidly prereducing iron ore concentrate aggregate by using a prereduction furnace under conditions of rich hydrogen, high temperature and high pressure, so as to produce sponge iron of which the reduction degree is greater than or equal to 75%, conveying the sponge iron to a splitting furnace in a heat-preservation sealed manner, splitting a gas into high temperature hydrogen and nanometer in the splitting furnace through direct current plasma arc at high temperature and under an anoxic condition, outputting most high temperature hydrogen to the prereduction furnace, rapidly melting the sponge iron to reduce and smelt so as to obtain molten iron or semi-steel, meanwhile producing high temperature steam by using the waste heat of the tail gas of the prereduction furnace, further performing electrolysis by using a vapor electrolytic cell to produce high temperature pure hydrogen, performing heat exchange on the high temperature pure hydrogen to separate moisture, further feeding back to the prereduction furnace, and directly outputting a part of hydrogen as hydrogen energy. The effects of high efficiency, energy conservation, best product quality and optimal emission reduction of hydrogen metallurgy are sufficiently revealed.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the fields of metallurgy and energy. In particular: natural gas, coal bed methane, underground coal gas, shale gas, combustible ice and other hydrocarbon gases, lignite and other high-hydrogen-containing coals, and plant dry powder direct-current plasma arc high-temperature anoxic direct cracking hydrogen production; metallurgical waste heat high-temperature steam Electrolytic hydrogen production; hydrogen-rich reduction to produce sponge iron; sponge iron melting and final reduction to produce molten iron or semi-steel; and its carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxide emissions are close to zero, and highly energy-saving; hydrogen energy can also be output to supply hydrogen for vehicles Energize. Background technique [0002] 1. Hydrogen metallurgy background technology [0003] Giant blast furnace ironmaking is still the current mainstream metallurgical ironmaking technology. This technology is very mature, with huge...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

However, a large amount of carbon dioxide emissions in this ironmaking method is still the fundamental problem; and the finely ground selected iron concentrate powder and coal powder, catalyst, desulfurizer, etc. are further mixed and moistened into a particle size of 0.04mm accounting for the total powder volume 90%, and mixed pellets, the manufacturing difficulty is higher, the working conditions of the workers are poor, and the product cost will be significantly increased

[0007] 2. Hydrogen energy background technology: Without cheap hydrogen energy, it is impossible to carry out hydrogen metallurgy, and it is impossible to realize hydrogen energy in automobiles, tractors, ships, airplanes, and basic human life

However, if it is to be applied to ironmaking and hydrogen energy production, there are still the following disadvantages: (1) the power is too small. At present, the world's successful industrial application of ion devices has a maximum power of 2.8 megawatts and a maximum operating current of 10kA. The plasma metallurgical furnace used as a substitute for blast furnace ironmaking should be above 100 MW and 100kA; (2) the cathode of the plasma gun of the existing smelting device is made of water-cooled tungsten, niobium, tantalum, molybdenum, hafnium, zirconium, etc. Manufactured by adding oxides of thorium, cerium, yttrium, ytterbium, etc. to refractory metals, practice has proved that when the working current exceeds 4kA, the cathode ablation is extremely serious, and its water-cooled plasma gun directly penetrates into a huge, high-temperature and high-pressure hydrogen In the core area of ​​the hydrogen metallurgical plasma furnace, it is difficult to resist the high temperature of the plasma furnace for a long time, and it is prone to irreversible major safety accidents. It is not practical to frequently replace the plasma gun or the cathode of the plasma gun to ensure safety. According to the practice of giant blast furnaces It can be seen that the shutdown of a huge high-temperature, high-pressure, flammable and explosive reducing gas is already a very complicated, dangerous, costly and time-consuming task, which greatly reduces production efficiency.

[0016] The inventor finds that: the world iron and steel industry is a major player in the world's concentrated energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions, and its energy consumption and actual emissions of carbon dioxide account for about 20% of the world's total energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions. The utilization rate is less than 40%, and its large amount of high-temperature and high-enthalpy tail gas (its thermal energy is comparable to that generated by large nuclear power plants) is usually directly emptied, and only a few advanced metallurgical enterprises use it for waste heat power generation, but its total thermal efficiency is generally Still only around 50%

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