Core-shell structure catalysis-photocatalysis composite material as well as preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

The invention discloses a core-shell structure catalysis-photocatalysis composite material as well as a preparation method and an application thereof, and belongs to the technical field of materials.The biomass serves as a carbon source, a carbon sphere material is prepared through dehydration and carbonization under a hydrothermal condition, the surface of the carbon sphere material is wrapped with MgO / ZnO and Ag / TiO2 crystal shells through related processes, and the core-double-shell structure catalysis-photocatalysis material is prepared. The obtained material has the advantages of being large in specific surface area, high in catalytic efficiency and capable of being repeatedly used, dyes and organic pollutants in wastewater can be efficiently removed, and resource utilization of waste biomass is achieved.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention discloses a catalytic-photocatalytic composite material with a core-shell structure, a preparation method and an application thereof, and belongs to the field of material technology. Background technique [0002] Catalytic materials decompose organic pollutants with high efficiency, non-toxicity and good stability. With the increase of energy costs and environmental pollution problems, the application of catalytic materials in environmental governance has attracted more and more attention. Catalytic materials can be divided into photocatalytic materials (such as TiO 2 、C 3 N 4 etc.) and non-photocatalytic materials (such as MgO), where TiO 2 It is a typical photocatalytic material, which can be excited under ultraviolet light, and has a good catalytic degradation effect on organic pollutants. However, ultraviolet light only accounts for about 4% of sunlight, and TiO 2 The wide band gap limits its utilization efficiency of sunlight. R...

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Problems solved by technology

The polycondensation method is the main method of modern industrial preparation, which has the characteristics of simple preparation conditions and easy operation, but the uneven particle size distribution and low yield of the prepared microspheres limit the further development of the technology of carbon microspheres prepared by the polycondensation method; the liquid phase method It is a preparation method in which the main phase of the reaction system is the liquid phase, including: emulsification method and suspension method. The suspension method is to dissolve the mesophase pitch in an organic solvent, and use a surfactant to form a suspension with water or other solvents. Stir vigorously at high temperature to form mesophase pitch into balls, then heat to remove the organic solvent, and obtain mesocarbon microspheres after cooling, filtration, pre-oxidation, and carbonization. Due to the complicated preparation process and the use of a large amount of organic Solvents are easy to cause environmental pollution problems, and the application scale is limited; chemical vapor deposition (CVD) is a method of using gas raw materials to form elementary particles through chemical reactions in the gas phase and then nucleating and growing to form materials in two stages. The synthetic temperature gradient of the preparation The requirements are high, the synthetic particles are large and easy to agglomerate, but the preparation and application prospects are broad. After further improvement and research, chemical vapor deposition will become the main method for industrial production of carbon microspheres in the future.

At present, the main raw materials for preparing nano-carbon microspheres include pitch, pyrolytic graphite, glucose, phenolic resin, and carbon tetrachloride, etc., which have problems such as high raw material cost, low preparation conversion rate, many by-products, and pollution.

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