The disclosure provides compositions and methods for directing the growth of blood vessels in a
tissue graft. The compositions and methods provide the
advantage of directing the growth, size and pattern of blood vessels from the periphery of the graft, which recapitulates or improves the native
blood vessel orientation in the
host tissue. The compositions comprise a
tissue graft that comprises a matrix attached to a barrier. The barrier comprises a
porous membrane that permits passage of water and nutrients but blocks
blood vessel growth. The methods comprise implanting the
tissue graft on a
host tissue in a subject and incubating the graft on the
host tissue such that blood vessels grow around the edges (periphery) of the barrier or through intentional internal openings in the barrier and into the matrix. The methods can further comprise
transplanting the vascularized tissue graft to a second location in the subject. Thus, the methods can be used in a staged
implant procedure to create autologous, vascularized bioengineered tissue grafts.