The invention discloses an intelligent brain-computer interface wheelchair based on multi-mode hierarchical control. The intelligent brain-computer interface wheelchair comprises an electroencephalogram signal collection module, an electroencephalogram signal processing module, a motion control module and an electronically powered wheelchair. From the aspect of multi-mode hierarchical control, electroencephalogram signals caused by motion imagery conceptual work for expressing control intentions are collected, imagery right-left hands for reflecting human motion control wishes and eye opening and closing for reflecting selective control behaviors are combined, and thus the information transmission rate of a control system and the reliability of control information are improved. The electroencephalogram signals after amplification and filter are input to the signal processing module for conducting denoising, feature extraction and classification, the motion wishes of an operator are sent to the control module through an order, and therefore the motion such as going forward, turning left, turning right, drawing back, stopping, accelerating and decelerating of the electrically powered wheelchair can be achieved. The intelligent brain-computer interface wheelchair can meet the need for actual control operation of the wheelchair, can control the speed of the wheelchair, and has great value in the aspects like medical rehabilitation training and the disabled service.