76results about "Error correction/detection using multiple codes" patented technology

The present invention concerns a method for carrying out a semantic communication within a semantic communication system (10) defining a semantic communication channel, the semantic communication system (10) comprising a sender (12) and a receiver (14) connected through a wireless channel (16), the method comprising the following phases: - semantic communication setting comprising determining multiple semantic functions to be embedded into a waveform; - semantic adaption of the waveform to embed the multiple semantic functions; - semantic transmission of the adapted waveform in a form of an electromagnetic signal.

Provided is a method (300) and a successive interference cancellation (SIC) based multi-user uplink receiver (200) for multi-user uplink transmission. The method comprises receiving (302) signal of one or more multiple-access (MA) scheme waveforms by a plurality of antennas (202.1, . . . , 202.R) from one or more users. The method further comprises determining (304) one or more effective channel matrices corresponding to the plurality of antennas. Thereby, the method comprises performing (306) channel equalization for signal received in a corresponding antenna by an effective channel matrix. Furthermore, the method comprises combining (308) the channel equalized signal. Subsequently, the method comprises detecting (310) Correctly Decoded Code Blocks (CCBs) and Wrongly Decoded Code Blocks (WCBs). Upon detecting CCBs and WCBs, the method comprises performing (312) the SIC on received signals from one or more users until all WCBs are converted to CCBs or a maximum number of threshold iterations are completed.

A method for serializing communications in the computing field includes serializing input data into a serialized stream of symbols, based on one or more encodings, at a serializer, each symbol including a disparity code selected based on a running disparity (RD) of the serialized stream of symbols. The running disparity (RD) is tracked by setting the RD to an initial value, and then adding a disparity of each symbol to the RD to ensure the RD does not exceed a desired maximum, e.g., three. A positive disparity encoding or a negative disparity encoding of each symbol is selected for transmission based on the RD. The serialized data stream of symbols is transmitted along a data conduit, to a deserializer, in which the serialized data stream of symbols is deserialized to determine a corresponding bit value, for outputting decoded information in parallel form.

Disclosed are an encoding method, a decoding method, and related devices designed to independently encode each of z second data streams without performing operations such as de-skewing and reordering, thereby reducing operational complexity and latency. The encoding method includes: obtaining m first data streams through m input channels, where m is a positive integer; processing the m first data streams to obtain z second data streams, where z is a positive integer; independently encoding each of the z second data streams to obtain z third data streams; and multiplexing the z third data streams to obtain n fourth data streams, where n is a positive integer.

Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. In some aspects, a low density parity check (LDPC) code may include a parity check matrix (PCM) with a lifted parity submatrix. The lifted parity submatrix may include an upper-triangular portion having non-zero diagonal elements, a high-degree column portion, an all-zero portion, and a remaining portion, resulting in improved encoding efficiency. In some aspects, a transmitter may encode, in a first encoding operation, the upper-triangular portion and the high-degree column portion, and the transmitter may encode, in a second encoding operation, the all-zero portion and the remaining portion of the lifted parity submatrix. The encoded lifted parity submatrix may be transmitted from the transmitter to a receiver in a PCM as part of an LDPC code. Additionally, a base graph PCM structure may be included in the remaining portion of the lifted parity submatrix. Numerous other aspects are described.

Aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communications. In some aspects, a transmitting node may obtain a k-bit sequence of information bits. The transmitting node may encode the k-bit sequence into an output sequence corresponding to a length n symbol sequence of a set of symbol sequences of length n on a symbol set Am according to a first stage of energy-based arithmetic coding for probability amplitude shaping (PAS) and a second stage of energy-based arithmetic coding for PAS. The transmitting node may perform a transmission to a receiving node based at least in part on the n-length symbol sequence. Numerous other aspects are described.

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. The described techniques may enable a transmitting device to perform probabilistic shaping using an energy function that is independent of a modulation and coding scheme (MCS) used by the transmitting device. For example, the transmitting device may encode a set of information bits according to a probability distribution, the energy function, a symbol alphabet, and a shaping parameter. The transmitting device may generate a set of probabilities corresponding to the symbol alphabet based on an energy sequence computed using the energy function, where a quantity of terms in the energy sequence may be based on a shaping order. The transmitting device may indicate the shaping order to a receiving device.

An encoding method includes: obtaining m lanes of first data streams through m input lanes, where m is a positive integer; processing the m lanes of first data streams to obtain z lanes of second data streams, where z is a positive integer; separately performing encoding processing on each of the z lanes of second data streams to obtain z lanes of third data streams; and performing multiplex processing on the z lanes of third data streams to obtain n lanes of fourth data streams, where n is a positive integer.

A method for improving the forward error correction in serial coding in a data transmission in a vehicle allowing the physical behavior on a transmission channel to always be deterministically controlled despite a reduction in the resource requirements. Tit errors are minimal and a transmission error can be corrected efficiently. In addition, encoders used are designed with a minimum number of gates and an interleaving is implicit in the proposed method, which is based on the fact that burst errors can be corrected particularly advantageously. This interleaving makes it possible to dispense with conventional buffer memory required for explicit interleaving. In addition, user data together with correcting metadata can be encoded advantageously. It can be ensured that not only the user data is line-coded or line-encoded, but also the correction data. Also provided is a system for implementing the method.

To obtain SNRs needed for high MCSs.SOLUTION: This disclosure relates to performing a first encoding operation on data bits of a code block to shape the amplitudes of resultant symbols such that the amplitudes have a non-uniform distribution. In some aspects, the probabilities associated with the respective amplitudes generally increase with decreasing amplitude. For example, the non-uniform distribution of the amplitudes of the symbols may be approximately Gaussian. In some aspects, the first encoding operation is or includes a prefix encoding operation having an effective coding rate greater than 0.94 and less than 1. The first encoding operation is followed by a second encoding operation that also adds redundancy but does not alter data bits themselves. In some aspects, the second encoding operation is or includes a low-density parity-check (LDPC) encoding operation associated with a coding rate greater than 5 / 6.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 12

Wireless communications systems and methods related to wireless communications in a system are provided. A wireless communication device may compute a plurality of log-likelihood ratios (LLRs) based on a received communication signal. At least a first LLR and a second LLR of the plurality of LLRs represent the same first bit in the communication signal. The wireless communication device may combine the first LLR and the second LLR to decode the first bit and transmit a report indicating channel information. The channel information may be based at least in part on the plurality of LLRs before the combining of the first and second LLRs.

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. A transmitting device may support shaping of bits in block encoding schemes and a probabilistic shaping framework to generate shaped bits that include both information bits and shaping bits, without conveying extra information (e.g., in addition to the shaped bits) to a receiving device. The transmitter may use a decoder such as a polar decoder (e.g., a modem configured for both coding and decoding) to determine a set of shaping bits based on the information bits. The transmitting deice may also map information bits to frozen bit locations of the polar code, and the shaping bits to information bit locations of the polar, such that the encoded (e. g., shaped) bits from the polar encoder satisfy a target probability distribution.

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. A wireless device may encode one or more most significant bits (MSBs) of a bit sequence according to an encoding rate to generate a set of shaped bits. The bit sequence may include the one or more MSBs and one or more least significant bits (LSBs), where a quantity of the one or more MSBs that are encoded may be based on the encoding rate. The UE may map each bit of the set of shaped bits to a respective modulation symbol of a quantity of modulation symbols according to a quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM) scheme. The UE may also map the one or more LSBs to the quantity of modulation symbols according to the QAM scheme. The UE may modulate a signal based on the mappings and transmit the signal based on the modulation.

An encoding method, a decoding method and related apparatus are disclosed for separately performing an encoding process on each of the second data streams of z lanes without performing operations such as deskewing and reordering, which reduces operational complexity and delay. The encoding method includes the steps of obtaining a first data stream of m lanes through m input lanes, where m is a positive integer, processing the first data stream of m lanes to obtain a second data stream of z lanes, where z is a positive integer, separately performing an encoding process on each of the second data streams of z lanes to obtain a third data stream of z lanes, and performing a multiplexing process on the third data stream of z lanes to obtain a fourth data stream of n lanes, where n is a positive integer.

If x, m, and n [x] are natural numbers (m = 1, 2,..., n [x]), a probabilistic shaping encoding circuit (1) is provided with: an m-th look-up table (11) of layer x + 1 for converting an m-th transmission bit string of layer x + 1, which is composed of an m-th transmission information bit string of layer x + 1 and an m-th transmission address bit string of layer x + 1, which are part of an information bit sequence to be communicated, into an m-th transmission shaping bit string of layer x + 1; an m-th allocation circuit (12) of layer x that converts the m-th transmission shaping bit string of layer x + 1 into a (2m-1) th transmission source address bit string of layer x and a 2m th transmission source address bit string of layer x; a (2m-1) th lookup table (14) for layer x that generates a (2m-1) th transmission shaping bit string for layer x on the basis of a (2m-1) th transmission source address bit string for layer x and a (2m-1) th transmission information bit string for layer x that is part of the information bit sequence to be communicated; and a 2m-th lookup table (15) for layer x that generates a 2m-th transmission shaping bit string for layer x on the basis of a 2m-th transmission source address bit string for layer x and a 2m-th transmission information bit string for layer x that is part of the information bit sequence to be communicated. Each of the lookup tables is layered into a tree, and each of the transmission source address bit strings obtained by the m-th distribution circuit (12) of the layer x corresponds to designation information that designates a combination of signal point groups in a signal space managed by each of the plurality of lookup tables of the layer x. Each transmission shaping bit string generated by the (2m-1) th lookup table (14) of the layer x and the 2m th lookup table (15) of the layer x corresponds to designation information that designates a combination of signal point groups in a signal space managed by each of the plurality of lookup tables of the hierarchy directly below or signal point information that indicates a signal point arrangement in the signal space, or to each transmission shaping bit string generated by the (2m-1) th lookup table (14) of the layer x and the 2m th lookup table (15) of the layer x.

Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communications. In some aspects, a wireless communication device may encode one or more information bits into a plurality of polarization code sub-block outputs, identify one or more shaped bits for a first polarization code sub-block output of the plurality of polarization code sub-block outputs, and transmitting a polarization coded codeword derived from at least the first polarization code sub-block output and the second polarization code sub-block output. In some aspects, a wireless communication device may identify one or more shaped bit sub-channels, identify one or more information bit sub-channels, and transmit one or more shaped bits in the one or more shaped bit sub-channels and one or more information bits in the one or more information bit sub-channels. Numerous other aspects are described.

Various aspects of the present disclosure generally relate to wireless communication. In some aspects, a wireless communication device may encode one or more information bits into a plurality of polar code sub-block outputs, identify one or more shaping bits for a first polar code sub-block output of the plurality of polar code sub-block outputs, and transmit a polar-coded codeword derived from at least the first polar code sub-block output and the second polar code sub-block output. In some aspects, a wireless communication device may identify one or more shaping bit subchannels, identify one or more information bit subchannels, and transmit one or more shaping bits in the one or more shaping bit subchannels and one or more information bits in the one or more information bit subchannels. Numerous other aspects are described.

The invention relates to a method for generating an efficiently transmittable bit sequence with a limited degree of discrepancy and a limited run length. The proposed method allows a particularly efficient transmission of data over a transmission channel. Compared with the prior art, one of the advantages of the invention is that the physical behavior on the transmission channel can be certainly controlled all the time although the resource demand is reduced. Thus, according to the proposed method, bit errors are few, and transmit errors can be corrected efficiently (i.e., with little technical effort). Furthermore, the encoder used is designed to have a minimum number of gates, and interlacing is implied in the proposed method, which ensures that so-called burst errors can be particularly advantageously corrected.

Method (100) for transmitting a message from a transmitting unit (10) to a receiving unit (20) via a communication channel, the method (100) comprising the following steps: - determining (110) a basis matrix representing a protograph; - determining (120) an LDPC code using the previously determined basis matrix and the MacKay-Neal code generation method; - coding (130) the message to be transmitted using the previously determined LDPC code; and - transmission (140) of the coded message from the transmitting unit (10) to the receiving unit (20); - wherein determining (110) the base matrix comprises: - defining (112) a value range for a target code rate, the value range being defined by a lower range value R1 and an upper range value R2; - Determine (114) of n BKBasis matrix candidates, where n BK ≥ 2; - Calculate (116) the quality for each of the n BK Basis matrix candidates for at least two code rates each within the previously defined value range; - Selecting (118) the basis matrix candidate with the highest quality from the n BK Base matrix candidates; and - Set the base matrix to the following value: B 1 / 2 = [ 3 3 0 1 1 0 0 1 | 3 0 0 0 2 1 0 0 3 0 1 0 2 0 0 1 ] .

An apparatus, method and program for encoding and modulating data bits to generate a signal for uplink transmission whilst maintaining a low peak to average power ration (PAPR). The apparatus comprises means for obtaining a limit for maximum signal amplitude associated with an uplink transmission and means 703 for generating a first sequence of symbols using trellis coding based on the limit for maximum signal amplitude. The apparatus further comprises means 709 for performing a filtering, based on the first sequence of symbols, to generate a filtered signal, and means for transmitting, to a network node (e.g. a base station, receiver device or gNodeB), a signal based on the filtered signal. An apparatus, method and program for demodulation is also disclosed.

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communication are described. A stream of data bits may be encoded with a polar code to obtain multiple codewords that are associated with respective bit-levels of a modulation scheme. Encoding the data bits may include generating, based on a first target probability distribution for a first bit-level of the modulation scheme, first shaping bits for a first codeword of the multiple codewords that is associated with the first bit-level. And generating, based on a second target probability distribution for a second bit-level of the modulation scheme and further based on generating the first shaping bits for the first codeword, second shaping bits for a second codeword of the multiple codewords that is associated with the second bit-level. Based on the encoding, the encoded stream of data bits may be transmitted in signals.

In an example method, probabilistic constellation shaping (PCS) processing is performed on a first bit set in k bits, to obtain a second bit set. Forward error correction (FEC) encoding is performed on the second bit set and a third bit set in the k bits excluding the first bit set, to obtain a fourth bit set. The fourth bit set includes m0 first bit subsets, and each of the first bit subsets includes F0 bits. First interleaving processing is performed on the fourth bit set to obtain a fifth bit set. The fifth bit set includes m0 second bit subsets, each of the second bit subsets includes F0 bits, F0 / 2 bits in each of the second bit subsets are from the second bit set, and the other F0 / 2 bits in each of the second bit subsets are from the third bit set and / or parity bits of the FEC encoding.

Memory devices, such as MRAM devices, include a plurality of memory macros, where each memory macro includes an array of memory cells and a first ECC circuit configured to detect data errors in the respective memory macro. A second ECC circuit is remote from the plurality of memory macros and communicatively coupled to each of the plurality of memory macros. The second ECC circuit is configured to receive detected data errors from the first ECC circuits of the plurality of memory macros and correct the data errors. Embodiments of the invention also relate to error correction code systems and methods of correcting errors.

A turbo decoder includes a first soft input soft output (SISO) decoder configured to receive systematic information, first parity information, and a first pre-log likelihood ratio (LLR), and to output a first parity LLR obtained by calculating an LLR for the first parity information, a first interleaver configured to interleave the systematic information, a second SISO decoder configured to receive an output of the first interleaver, second parity information, and a second pre-LLR, and to output a second parity LLR obtained by calculating an LLR for the second parity information, and an interference canceller configured to receive the first parity LLR from the first SISO decoder, receive the second parity LLR from the second SISO decoder, and calculate a first update parity LLR and a second update parity LLR.

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. In some examples, a user equipment (UE) may split a message into multiple partitions. In some cases, the UE may generate parity bits for each subblock using random linear code-based outer codes. For example, the UE may use information bits within an encoding memory and a generator matrix to generate parity bits for the current subblock. The UE may select the generator matrix based on information bits that are outside of the encoding memory. In some other examples, the UE may permute information bits within the encoding memory to generate cyclic redundancy check (CRC) bits for each subblock. Alternatively, the UE may use information bits from a current subblock to generate CRC bits for the current subblock. The UE may scramble the CRC bits with bits from the preceding subblocks in order to generate parity bits for the current subblock.

Methods, systems, and devices for wireless communications are described. A transmitting device may support bit shaping in a block coding scheme and a probabilistic shaping framework to generate shaped bits including both information bits and shaping bits without conveying extra information (e.g., in addition to the shaped bits) to a receiving device. The transmitter may use a decoder, such as a polar decoder (e.g., a modem configured for both coding and decoding), to determine a set of shaping bits based on the information bits. The transmitting device may also map the information bits to frozen bit positions of a polar code and the shaping bits to polar information bit positions such that the coded (e.g., shaped) bits from the polar encoder satisfy a target probability distribution.

The invention discloses a finite field multiple access system codebook construction method based on EP resource allocation, a minimum branch distance decoding method and a multiple access system, and belongs to the technical field of 6G communication. The problem of low reliability under a block fading channel is solved, and the problem of lack of a decoding method for superposed user information under a finite field in an uplink at present is solved. According to the invention, the codebook is constructed based on UR-EPA, the resources of the whole channel are utilized by allocating a plurality of EPs to a single bit, and the degree of freedom of the whole channel is fully utilized. The invention also designs a decoding method for superposed user information in a finite field, firstly, Turbo iteration is carried out between a basic signal estimator and a channel decoder to realize detection of information bits, and then detection is carried out by utilizing a parity check part based on complex field superposition and patterns, so that joint decoding of check bits is realized.

A probabilistic shaping encoding circuit (1) includes: with x, m, and n[x] being natural numbers (m = 1, 2,..., n[x]), an m-th lookup table (11) of a layer x + 1 to convert an m-th transmission bit string of the layer x + 1 including an m-th transmission information bit string of the layer x + 1 which is a part of an information bit sequence of a communication target and an m-th transmission address bit string of the layer x + 1 into an m-th transmission shaping bit string of the layer x + 1; an m-th distribution circuit (12) of the layer x to convert the m-th transmission shaping bit string of the layer x + 1 into a (2m-1)-th transmission source address bit string of the layer x and a 2m-th transmission source address bit string of the layer x; a (2m-1)-th lookup table (14) of the layer x to generate a (2m-1)-th transmission shaping bit string of the layer x from the (2m-1)-th transmission source address bit string of the layer x and a (2m-1)-th transmission information bit string of the layer x which is a part of the information bit sequence of the communication target; and a 2m-th lookup table (15) of the layer x to generate a 2m-th transmission shaping bit string of the layer x from the 2m-th transmission source address bit string of the layer x and a 2m-th transmission information bit string of the layer x which is a part of the information bit sequence of the communication target. Each of the lookup tables is hierarchized in a tree shape, each of the transmission source address bit strings obtained by the m-th distribution circuit (12) of the layer x corresponds to designation information designating a combination of signal point groups in a signal space managed by each of a plurality of lookup tables of the layer x, each of the transmission shaping bit strings generated by the (2m-1)-th lookup table (14) of the layer x and the 2m-th lookup table (15) of the layer x corresponds to designation information designating a combination of signal point groups in a signal space managed by each of a plurality of lookup tables of a layer immediately below or signal point information indicating a signal point arrangement of the signal space.

The invention relates to a system and method for probabilistic quadrature amplitude modulation (QAM). An apparatus may include a transmitter and one or more processors. The one or more processors may identify, by a low density parity check (LDPC) encoder, a target code rate for which data is encoded. The one or more processors may receive, by the LDPC encoder, a first set of information bits. The one or more processors may receive, by the LDPC encoder, a second set of information bits from an output of a shaping encoder. The one or more processors may adjust a code rate of an LDPC code to a second code rate that is higher than the target code rate to cause the LDPC encoder to encode the data at the target code rate. The one or more processors may encode the data using the LDPC code. The transmitter may transmit the encoded data.