A power transmissionsystem is provided that includes a polycrystalline diamondpower transmission surface engaged with a diamondsolvent-catalyzed power transmission surface. A power transmission system includes a first component having at least one power transmission surface thereon comprising polycrystalline diamond, and a second component having at least one opposing power transmission surface comprising a material containing at least 2 weight percent diamondsolvent-catalyst based on the total weight of the material, the first component being movably coupled to the second component such that the polycrystalline diamond is engaged with the diamondsolvent-catalyst and such that movement of one of the first and second components drives movement of the other of the first and second components. The power transmission system may be or include gears, universal joints, or other power transmission systems or components.