The invention discloses an outdoor distribution cabinet with dust prevention and ventilation functions, the distribution cabinet includes a distribution cabinet main body, a first ventilation device is arranged on the top of the distribution cabinet main body, a second ventilation device is provided at the bottom, the power distribution cabinet main body is of a rectangular hollow structure, and the top part is provided with a first ventilation slot, the first ventilation device communicates with the distribution cabinet main body through the first ventilation slot, the bottom of the distribution cabinet main body is provided with a second ventilation slot, the second ventilation device communicates with the distribution cabinet main body through the second ventilation slot, the first ventilation device comprises an upper shell, and the upper shell is of a rectangular hollow structure. The invention is novel in design, and has the advantages of simple structure and convenient use. Theadjusting mechanism capable of movably opening and closing on the first ventilation device cooperates with the exhaust fan of the second ventilation device at the bottom, so that the ventilation and dust prevention functions of the outdoor distribution cabinet can be greatly improved, not only are the requirements of ventilation and heat dissipation are met, but also the preservation of the dust prevention function is ensured, and the outdoor distribution cabinet is suitable for popularization and use.