The invention discloses a partition permission management method based on a distributed database, belongs to the technical field of databases, and aims to partition data, set permission and grant permission including access permission and operation permission to partitions to a user. When a user operates the partition data, checking whether the partition data has access permission or not, and further checking whether the partition data has operation permission or not if the partition data has access permission; if no access permission exists, directly ending; and if the target data has the operation authority, performing corresponding operation on the target data, and if the target data has no operation authority, directly ending. According to the method, the inspection granularity and theinspection efficiency of the permission can be improved by utilizing the partition characteristics of the distributed database on the basis of improving the data access permission, retrieval of a large amount of data is avoided, and the retrieval rate of a database system is improved.