The invention provides a multispectral camera system for a drill jumbo and an intelligent surrounding rock identification method. According to the scheme, a tunnel face can be automatically scanned through the multispectral camera system, a tunnel face image is obtained, and the detection efficiency is effectively improved; meanwhile, on the basis of the obtained multispectral fusion image of the tunnel face, corresponding preprocessing is carried out; edge detection is performed on the preprocessed multispectral fusion image of the tunnel face to obtain an edge detection image; based on the edge detection image and a mathematical morphology refining method, boundary extraction is carried out, and bedding and joint information of the tunnel face is obtained; based on the edge detection image and a pre-trained deep learning model, a lithology identification result of the tunnel face is obtained; and based on the bedding and joint information of the tunnel face and the lithology identification result, a geological information map of the tunnel face is drawn, and the precision of intelligent surrounding rock identification is ensured.