The invention relates to a multi-hop RAG question and answer method and
system based on path exploration and hyperbolic refining. The method and
system are used for solving the problems of reasoning path stiffness and evidence
noise interference in the multi-hop question and answer process. The method comprises the steps that complex multi-hop query is received, a multi-level path exploration search strategy is adopted, a hierarchical
inference tree is constructed through Monte Carlo tree search, and
atomic operations such as direct answering, retrieval answering and sub-question
decomposition are sequentially executed to explore an optimal
inference path; performing hyperbolic refining on candidate evidences retrieved in the construction process, constructing an evidence graph and performing information spreading by using a graph
attention network, thereby performing dynamic reordering and
noise suppression on the evidences; and recursively aggregating the processed intermediate question and answer results from bottom to top, and generating a final answer by combining an original query calling
language model. According to the method, the continuity and accuracy of multi-hop reasoning are effectively improved, and the method is suitable for
natural language processing application such as complex
questions and answers and knowledge reasoning.