The invention relates to a
knowledge graph construction and retrieval optimization method based on water affair data, and the method comprises the steps: taking the unified knowledge expression of a water affair object and an event thereof as a target, determining a water affair business field and business range, and constructing a water affair
knowledge graph conceptual model covering a static knowledge ontology and a dynamic event ontology; performing
knowledge extraction on the obtained multi-source heterogeneous water affair data, converting the data into a unified triple form, and constructing a data layer of a water affair
knowledge graph; and on the basis of the data layer, node, path and region query is performed on the knowledge graph by adopting a graph
algorithm, and
semantic enhancement retrieval and reasoning are performed in combination with a large
language model. By constructing the water affair knowledge graph and introducing
knowledge extraction and retrieval enhancement capability of a large
language model, dynamic modeling and semantic reasoning of water affair objects, events and relationships thereof are realized, high-
risk area identification, emergency path planning and emergency early warning are supported, and the knowledge
utilization rate and
intelligent decision level in the water affair field are improved.