The invention belongs to the technical field of clinical diagnosis, and discloses a clinical diagnosis aid decision-making system and a medical knowledge graph accumulation method. The system comprises a vital sign acquisition module, a medical image acquisition module, a central control module, a diagnosis analysis module, a treatment scheme recommendation module, a medical knowledge retrieval module, an atlas creation module, a data storage module and a display module. According to the invention, the model is trained by using historical data of various disease types through the diagnosis analysis module, so the effect of pre-diagnosing a plurality of disease types by only one model can be achieved, the system is very suitable for clinical diagnosis management and maintenance, and the diagnosis analysis result is accurate; meanwhile, the medical knowledge graph is created through the graph creation module, and the medical data is managed through the medical knowledge graph, so when the medical data is used, the medical data can be extracted through the medical knowledge graph, and the convenience of using the medical data can be improved to a certain extent.