41 results about "Medulloblastoma" patented technology

The present invention provides novel methods and kits for diagnosing the presence of cancer within a patient, and for determining whether a subject who has cancer is susceptible to different types of treatment regimens. The cancers to be tested include, but are not limited to, prostate, breast, lung, gastric, ovarian, bladder, lymphoma, mesothelioma, medulloblastoma, glioma, and AML. Identification of therapy-resistant patients early in their treatment regimen can lead to a change in therapy in order to achieve a more successful outcome. One embodiment of the present invention is directed to a method for diagnosing cancer or predicting cancer-therapy outcome by detecting the expression levels of multiple markers in the same cell at the same time, and scoring their expression as being above a certain threshold, wherein the markers are from a particular pathway related to cancer, with the score being indicative or a cancer diagnosis or a prognosis for cancer-therapy failure. This method can be used to diagnose cancer or predict cancer-therapy outcomes for a variety of cancers. The markers can come from any pathway involved in the regulation of cancer, including specifically the PcG pathway and the “stemness” pathway. The markers can be mRNA, microRNA, DNA, or protein.

Adenovirus types 11p and 4p show a higher binding affinity and infectivity than type 5 for endothelial and carcinoma cell lines. Adenovirus type 11p shows a stronger binding to cells for neural origin, such as glioblastoma, neuroblastoma and medulloblastoma. The fact that adenovirus type 11 has a comparatively low prevalence in society, together with its high affinity and infectivity, makes it very suitable for use in gene therapy.

The emergence of mutations in tyrosine kinases following treatment of cancer patients with molecular-targeted therapy represents a major mechanism of acquired drug resistance. Here, we describe a mutation in the serpentine receptor, Smoothened (SMO), which results in resistance to a Hedgehog (Hh) pathway inhibitor in medulloblastoma. A single amino acid substitution in a conserved aspartic acid residue of SMO maintains Hh signaling, but results in the inability of the Hh pathway inhibitor, GDC-0449, to bind SMO and suppress the pathway. This mutation was not only acquired in a GDC-0449-resistant mouse model of medulloblastoma, but was identified in a Medulloblastoma patient following relapse on GDC-0449. The invention provides screening methods to detect SMO mutations and methods to screen for drugs that specifically modulate mutant SMO exhibiting drug resistance.

The invention relates to an OGT inhibitor and application thereof. The invention provides an application of an OGT inhibitor in prevention or treatment of myeloblastoma or inhibition of cell proliferation of myeloblastoma. In a specific embodiment, the OGT inhibitor can inhibit the generation and cell proliferation of the medulloblastoma, which indicates that the OGT inhibitor has good medicinal potential in the aspect of preventing or treating the medulloblastoma. The invention also provides a method for screening candidate drugs for preventing or treating myeloblastoma or inhibiting cell proliferation of myeloblastoma.

The present invention concerns compounds that selectively inhibit the activity of the Hedgehog (Hh) pathway, their preparation and uses thereof. The compounds of the present invention are useful in treating Hh-dependent tumors, such as medulloblastoma (MB).

The emergence of mutations in tyrosine kinases following treatment of cancer patients with molecular-targeted therapy represents a major mechanism of acquired drug resistance. Here, we describe a mutation in the serpentine receptor, Smoothened (SMO), which results in resistance to a Hedgehog (Hh) pathway inhibitor in medulloblastoma. A single amino acid substitution in a conserved glutamic acid residue of SMO maintains Hh signaling, but results in the inability of the Hh pathway inhibitor, GDC-0449, to bind SMO and suppress the pathway. The invention provides screening methods to detect SMO mutations and methods to screen for drugs that specifically modulate mutant SMO exhibiting drug resistance.

The invention, which belongs to the field of traditional Chinese medicines, particularly discloses application of an alcohol extract of eucalyptus globulus labill. fruit and components in preparationof a medicine for preventing and / or treating anti-medulloblastoma. Effective components of fruits of eucalyptus globulus labill. are extracted; and activity screening is performed by utilizing medulloblastoma cells. Experimental results show that the eucalyptus globulus labill. fruit alcohol extract and the components thereof can effectively inhibit the proliferation activity of medulloblastoma and have the broad application prospects in the aspect of preparation and development of drugs for treating tumor diseases.

The invention provides a medulloblastoma animal model and establishment and application thereof. The expression or activity of the Patched protein in the animal model cell is reduced, and the expression or activity of the Trim32 protein is reduced. The invention also provides a construction method of the non-human mammal model and a preparation method of the non-human mammal model of medulloblastoma carrying the cerebellar precursor cell marker and the early differentiated cell marker at the same time. The non-human mammal model is a more effective myeloblastoma (MB) model, the morbidity of MBis greatly improved compared with an existing classic model, and the non-human mammal model can be used as an excellent animal model for drug screening and experimental research.

The hedgehog (Hh) signaling pathway is a pathway which regulates patterning, growth and cell migration during embryonic development, but in adulthood is limited to tissue maintenance and repair. Mutational inactivation of the inhibitory pathway components leads to constitutive ligand-independent activation of the Hh signaling pathway, results in cancers such as basal cell carcinoma and medulloblastoma. Ligand-dependent activation of Hh signaling is involved in prostate cancer, pancreatic cancer, breast cancer and some blood cancers. Therefore, inhibition of the aberrant Hh signaling represents a promising approach toward novel anticancer therapy. The present invention provides novel molecules of formula I that inhibit hedgehog pathway signaling and provides therapeutic applications for the treatment of malignancies (basal cell carcinoma, medulloblastoma, glioblastoma, non-small cell lung cancer, prostate cancer, pancreatic cancer, blood cancers, mesenchymal cancers, etc.), prevention of tumor regrowth, sensitization of radio-chemo therapies, and other diseases (inflammation, fibrosis and immune disorders) related to hedgehog signaling.

The invention belongs to the technical field of preparation of tumor diagnosis / prognosis reagents, and particularly relates to a medulloblastoma / cell marker and application thereof. The invention relates to the research and application of the protein in the SMO-activated mutant medulloblastoma / cell based on one or more of GPR37 protein, RAB35 protein, RPS10 protein, NUDT3 protein, USP6NL protein, REE protein, CACYBP protein and CKAP5 protein. The specific conjugates of the proteins are prepared into kits or reagents, so that the myeloblastoma / cells can be diagnosed / prognosed more simply, conveniently and accurately, and particularly, the drug-resistant myeloblastoma / cells can be screened more accurately, and then the drugs are applied according to the case.

The invention provides a method of inhibiting casein kinase 1 DETA (CK1 DETA), comprising contacting the CK1 DETA with a compound of formula (I), as defined herein; such as compound SR-3029. We demonstrate that CSNK1D is amplified and / or overexpressed in human breast tumors and that CK1 delta can be medically targeted in human breast cancer subtypes overexpressing this kinase. The invention further provides a method of treating cancer, such as a breast cancer, melanoma, glioblastoma, medulloblastoma, renal, bladder or colon cancer, or a cancer that metastasizes to the brain, lung, or bone provided that both elevated CK1 DETA and BETA-catenin dependence are involved in those metastatic diseases. The cancer can be a breast cancer of the triple negative subclass of breast cancers (TNBC), or can be an HER+ breast cancer.

The invention provides a culture solution for culturing brain tumor cells in vitro. The culture solution comprises a nerve cell basal medium, and also comprises, based on the mass of the nerve cell basal medium, 0.5%-5% of a B27 trophic factor, 0.5%-5% of double antibodies- penicillin / streptomycin, 0.5%-5% of glutamine, 0.5%-5% of sodium pyruvate, 0.5%-1.5% of fetal bovine serum, and 2.5- 3.5 microgram / mL of recombinant Shh proteins. Cells obtained by applying the culture solution can proliferate and produce offspring, the Shh signaling pathway is in an activated expression state, the tumorigenicity is not affected, and the cells can withstand cryopreservation of 80 DEG C and achieve adherent differentiation, and thus a unique cell model is provided for studying the molecular mechanism ofmedulloblastoma development and the molecular mechanism of Shh signaling pathway regulation and an important tool is provided for high-throughput screening of chemotherapy drugs.

In one embodiment, the present invention is a method of treating glioma and medulloblastoma brain tumors using the Zika virus and a tumor vaccine.

The present invention relates to the field of cancer. More specifically, the present invention provides compositions and methods useful for detecting long non-coding RNAs (lncRNA) in medulloblastoma. In one embodiment, the present invention provides a method comprising detecting lnc RNA HLX2-7 in a biological sample obtained from a patient having or suspected of having medulloblastoma. In certain embodiments, detecting step is performed using RNA fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) assay. In specific embodiments, the biological sample is a tissue sample. In particular embodiments, the tissue sample is a formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) sample. In a specific embodiment, the FISH assay comprises oligonucleotide probes that hybridize to lncHLX2-7 (SEQ ID NO:200) and branched DNA signal amplification.

The invention provides methods for diagnosing tumors in mammals using a reagent that bind to LEDGF / p75 or to a nucleic acid encoding LEDGF / p75. For example, the tumor may be located in the CNS, the prostate, the skin, the bone marrow, or the gut of the mammal. Also provided are methods for diagnosing brain tumors such as medulloblastomas, meningiomas, astrocytomas, glioblastomas multiforme, and ependymomas by examining LEDGF / p75 or a nucleic acid encoding LEDGF / p75 localization. The invention also involves methods for diagnosing cancers involving cancerous epithelial cells such as colon cancer. The instant invention also provides methods for isolating stem cells from a heterogeneous population of cells, as well as methods for identifying neuroepithelial stem cells, newly differentiated neurons, and astrocytes in a subject. Also provided are methods for inducing the differentiation of neuroepithelial stem cells into astrocytes or neurons and methods for screening candidate compounds that regulate the differentiation of neuroepithelial stem cells.

Disclosed herein are analogues of itraconazole that are both angiogenesis and hedgehog signaling pathway inhibitors, formulations thereof, including lipsome formulations thereof. The compounds are expected to be useful in the treatment of cell proliferation disorders such as cancer, particularly cancers that are dependent upon the hedgehog signaling pathway such as basal cell carcinoma and medulloblastoma.

The invention relates to a metabolic marker of medulloblastoma in urine and an application thereof. Specifically, the invention relates to an application of a reagent in preparing kits and / or chips for diagnosis and / or prognostic of medulloblastoma for detecting metabolites levels in urine of a subject. Metabolites are selected from one or more of the following matters: Uropterin, 20-oxo-leukotriene E4, Cortolone, Tetrahydrocortisone, [6]-Gingerdiol 3,5-diacetate, Pteroside Z, 12-oxo-2,3-dinor-10,15-phytodienoic acid, Melleolide M, Ethyl 7-epi-12-hydroxyjasmonate glucoside, Piperdial, Epishyobunone, 4R,5S,7R,11S)-11,12-Dihydroxy-1(10)-spirovetiven-2-one11-glucoside, PC-M5 and Acuminoside.

Monoclonal antibodies that bind glypican-2 (GPC2) with high affinity are described. Immunotoxins and chimeric antigen receptors (CARs) that include the disclosed antibodies or antigen-binding fragments thereof are further described. In some instances, the antibody or antigen-binding fragment is humanized. The disclosed GPC2-specific antibodies and conjugates can be used, for example, for the diagnosis or treatment of GPC2-positive cancers, including neuroblastoma, medulloblastoma and retinoblastoma.

The invention relates to a urine protein marker for diagnosing myeloblastoma and application of the urine protein marker. Specifically, the invention relates to application of a reagent for detecting the content of protein in urine of a subject in preparation of a reagent for diagnosis and / or prognosis of medulloblastoma of the subject, and the protein in the urine is selected from one or more of CADH1, FIBB, FGFR4, A1BG, 1433B, VSIG4, LYVE1, KVD28, GELS, PGRP1, LV321, SAP3, IGLC2, PCOC2, GGT6, OGFD3 and LIRB4.

The invention belongs to the technical field of biology, and particularly relates to application of Kir2.1 as a target spot to preparation of a reagent or a medicine for treating, preventing or diagnosing medulloblastoma. The invention has important clinical application value for diagnosis, treatment and prevention of WNT / SHH medulloblastoma.

The invention relates to a compound with an inhibition effect on activation of hedgehog pathways. The structural formula of the compound is shown in formula (1), wherein R is H or CH3. The invention also provides a method for preparing the compound. The invention also provides an application of the compound or pharmaceutically acceptable salt, a solvate or a medicine compound of the compound to preparation of drugs for treating diseases related to activation of hedgehog pathways. The compound can be used for preparing the drugs for treating diseases related to activation of hedgehog pathways.The compound can particularly well inhibit growth of medulloblastoma and can be used for preparing drugs for treating medulloblastoma related diseases.

The invention belongs to the technical field of biology, and relates to a tumor diagnosis kit, in particular to a cerebrospinal fluid VGF protein kit and application of the cerebrospinal fluid VGF protein kit to detection and pre-judgment of myeloblastoma metastasis. The kit comprising mouse anti-human VGF biotin labeled monoclonal antibody, streptomycin antibiotic protein peroxidase working fluidand other components is designed, then a collected cerebrospinal fluid sample is detected through an ELISA method, corresponding diagnosis is conducted according to the concentration of VGF in cerebrospinal fluid, and when the concentration of VGF is reduced to one third of the concentration of VGF after an operation, it is preliminarily judged that myeloblastoma cerebrospinal fluid metastasizes.The method disclosed by the invention is applied to diagnosis of myeloblastoma prediction, can be used for screening high-risk groups and guiding tumor staging, and provides a basis for searching sensitive and specific myeloblastoma cerebrospinal fluid markers.