83 results about "Differential Methylation" patented technology

This application describes methods and compositions for detecting and treating HLTF-associated neoplasia. Differential methylation of the HLTF nucleotide sequences has been observed in HLTF-associated neoplasia such as colon neoplasia.

Provided herein are differentially methylated regions (DMRs) of reprogrammed iPS cells (R-DMRs) and methods of use thereof. The invention provides methods for detecting and analyzing alterations in the methylation status of DMRs in iPS cells, somatic cells and embryonic stem (ES) cells as well as methods for reprogramming somatic cells to generate an iPS cell.

Differential Methylation Hybridization (DMH) was used to identify novel methylation markers and methylation profiles for hematopoieetic malignancies, leukemia, lymphomas, etc. (e.g., non-Hodgkin's lymphomas (NHL), small B-cell lymphomas (SBCL), diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL), follicular lymphoma (FL), mantle cell lymphoma (MCL), B-cell chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (B-CLL/SLL), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL), multiple myeloma (MM), acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL), etc.). Particular aspects provide novel biomarkers for NHL and subtypes thereof (e.g., MCL, B-CLL/SLL, FL, DLBCL, etc.), AML, ALL and MM, and further provide non-invasive tests (e.g. blood tests) for lymphomas and leukemias. Additional aspects provide markers for diagnosis, prognosis, monitoring responses to therapies, relapse, etc., and further provide targets and methods for therapeutic demethylating treatments. Further aspects provide cancer staging markers, and expression assays and approaches comprising idealized methylation and/or patterns” (IMP and/or IEP) and fusion of gene rankings.

The present invention provides a method for identification of differentially methylated genomic CpG dinucleotide sequences associated with cancer in an individual by obtaining a biological sample comprising genomic DNA from the individual measuring the level or pattern of methylated genomic CpG dinucleotide sequences for two or more of the genomic targets in the sample, and comparing the level of methylated genomic CpG dinucleotide sequences in the sample to a reference level of methylated genomic CpG dinucleotide sequences, wherein a difference in the level or pattern of methylation of the genomic CpG dinucleotide sequences in the sample compared to the reference level identifies differentially methylated genomic CpG dinucleotide sequences associated with cancer. As disclosed herein, the methods of the invention have numerous diagnostic and prognostic applications. The methods of the invention can be combined with a miniaturized array platform that allows for a high level of assay multiplexing and scalable automation for sample handling and data processing. Also provided by the invention are genomic targets and corresponding nucleic acid probes that are useful in the methods of the invention as they enable detection of differentially methylated genomic CpG dinucleotide sequences associated with cancer, for example, adenocarcenomas and sqamous cell carcinomas of the lung.

The present invention provides methods for cancer detection and diagnosis. The present invention provides a method of selectively amplifying hypomethylated tumor DNA sequences derived from a subject for detection of cancer. This method utilizes differential methylation to allow for the selective amplification of tumor specific sequences from DNA mixtures that contain a high proportion of normal host DNA. The invention also provides methods of using the amplified tumor DNA sequences for evaluation of methylation.

The invention provides methods and compositions for noninvasive prenatal diagnosis of fetal aneuploidies. A large panel of differentially methylated regions (DMRs) have been identified. Certain of these DMRs are hypomethylated in adult female blood DNA and hypermethylated in fetal DNA, whereas others are hypermethylated in adult female blood DNA and hypomethylated in fetal DNA. Moreover, DMRs that are hypomethylated in adult female blood DNA and hypermethylated in fetal DNA have been shown to accurately predict a fetal aneuploidy in fetal DNA present in a maternal blood sample during pregnancy. In the methods of the invention, hypermethylated DNA is physically separated from hypomethylated DNA, preferably by methylated DNA immunoprecipitation.

The invention discloses a method and a system for detecting a tissue-specific differentially methylated region (tDMR). The method comprises the following steps: obtaining single-point methylation information on a complete genome by genome-wide sequencing; determining a seed tDMR on the complete genome under a pre-selection condition according to the single-point methylation information on the complete genome; extending the seed tDMR along two sides, and obtaining candidate tDMRs based on an extension terminal condition; and filtering the candidate tDMRs based on a filtering condition to obtain the tDMR result. By means of the method and the system provided by the invention, the methylation state of each site on the complete genome can be defined so as to determine the tDMR within the range of the complete genome, thus greatly improving the detection efficiency and lowering the cost. Subsequent validation shows that the found tDMR has high accuracy rate up to 85%; and validation in a plurality of species (not only limited to mammals) shows that the method has higher accuracy and higher sensitivity compared with other methods such as vardhman Rakyan and the like.

The invention belongs to the technical field of data processing of bioinformatics, and discloses a method for mining the methylation pattern by whole genome data. The method comprises the following steps that: using a SAM (Significance Analysis of Microarrays) method in various data sample sets to independently screen differential methylation sites on a whole genome; taking an intersection from the differential methylation sites of a plurality of sample sets to obtain a common difference site set; calculating a Pearson correlation coefficient between the methylation levels of the differential methylation sites and a corresponding gene expression level, and identifying a methylation regulation and control site; and carrying out AP (Affinity Propagation) clustering on the differential methylation site set to obtain a methylation cluster, independently carrying out pattern analysis on each methylation cluster, and carrying out demonstration through gene annotation and KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) enrichment analysis. By use of the method, references can be provided by aiming at a demethylation medicine, different types of diseases have generality on a methylation pattern, and the method has a practical and clinic meaning for researching a relationship between the methylation pattern and the disease from a perspective of the whole genome.

This application describes methods and compositions for detecting and treating vimentin-associated neoplasia. Differential methylation of the vimentin nucleotide sequences has been observed in vimentin-associated neoplasia such as colon neoplasia.

The present invention provides a method of selectively amplifying fetal DNA sequences from a mixed, fetal-maternal source. This method utilizes differential methylation to allow for the selective amplification of trophoblast/fetal specific sequences from DNA mixtures that contain a high proportion of non-trophoblast/fetal DNA. The invention also provides methods of using the amplified fetal DNA sequences for aneuploidy detection.

A method of identifying nucleic acid molecules differentially methylated in a disease comprises steps of incubating fragmented DNA, from a disease cell, with a reagent which specifically binds to methylated DNA to thus concentrate methylated DNA fragments, incubating fragmented DNA, from a disease cell related to the disease cell utilised in step (a) in which DNA methyltransferase expression and/or activity has been inhibited, with a reagent which specifically binds to methylated DNA to thus concentrate methylated DNA fragments and comparing the methylated DNA fragments obtained in steps (a) and (b) to identify nucleic acid molecules differentially methylated in the disease. A method of detecting a predisposition to, or the incidence of, colorectal cancer in a sample comprises detecting an epigenetic change in at least one gene selected from RASGRF2, SCNN1B, HOXD1, PLK2 and BHLHB9 wherein detection of the epigenetic change is indicative of a predisposition to, or the incidence of, colorectal cancer.

The present invention provides DNA marker sequences that are differentially methylated in samples from normal individuals and individuals with brain cancer. The invention further provides methods of identifying differentially methylated DNA marker sequences and their use the detection and diagnosis of gliomas.

The invention discloses a method for identifying cancer biomarkers. Genetic expression data and DNA methylation data of cancer are acquired from a public database; the genetic expression data are subjected to pre-processing and feature extraction, and feature genes are obtained; the DNA methylation data are subjected to extension and t-test hypothesis testing, and a differential methylation locus is obtained; finally, comparison with existing genes is performed by means of the differential methylation locus, the intersection of successfully compared existing genes and the feature genes is solved, overlapping genes are obtained and the overlapping genes are identified potential cancer biomarkers.

Differentially methylated oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) biomarkers, identified in-vitro and validated in well-characterized surgical specimens, have shown poor clinical correlation in cohorts with different risk profiles. To overcome this lack of relevance we used the HumanMethylation27 BeadChip, publicly available methylation and expression array data, and Quantitative Methylation Specific PCR to uncover differential methylation in OSCC clinical samples with heterogeneous risk profiles. A two stage-design consisting of Discovery and Prevalence screens was used to identify differential promoter methylation and deregulated pathways in patients diagnosed with OSCC and head and neck squamous cell carcinoma. This Phase I Biomarker Development Trial identified a panel of differentially methylated genes in normal and OSCC clinical samples from patients with heterogeneous risk profiles. This panel may be useful for early detection and cancer prevention studies.

The present invention provides methods and kits for identifying an increased risk of developing cancer in a subject. The methods include analyzing a first biological sample, such as a blood sample, from the subject for loss of imprinting of the IGF2 gene. According to the methods a loss of imprinting is indicative of an increased risk of developing cancer. The method can include analyzing genomic DNA from the sample for altered methylation of the IGF2 gene. The altered methylation for example includes hypomethylation of a differentially methylated region of IGF2, corresponding to SEQ ID NO:1 or a polymorphism thereof. The method can be performed on a subject having no apparent or suspected hyperproliferative disorder such as cancer.

The present invention belongs to the field of biotechnology, and in particular relates to a kit, a method and primers for analyzing methylation status of an MLH1 promoter in a DNA sample. The invention provides a kit for analyzing the methylation status of a neoplastic disease associated MLH1 promoter in a DNA sample. The kit comprises oligonucleotide primers, the oligonucleotide primers are complementary with at least part of the sequence of the MLH1 promoter in a zone from -248bp to -178bp relative to a transcription start site and overlap with the methylation sites in the zone. The present invention discloses accurate and sensitive test, composition and method for detection of differential methylation of genomic MLH1 promoter DNA in clinical sample. The test, composition and method can be used in allow diagnosis and symptom method; and the applicable characteristic is that the presenting level of methylation genomic MLH1 promoter DNA in the absence of a specific disorder is distinguished from illness of methylation genomic MLH1 promoter DNA level.