36 results about "Epigenetic Change" patented technology

We describe a method for interrogating the content and primary structure of DNA by microarray analyses and to provide comprehensive genetic screening and diagnostics prior to embryo transfer within an IVF setting. We will accomplish this by the following claims: 1) an optimized embryo grading system, 2) a less invasive embryo biopsy with reduced cellular contamination, 3) an optimized DNA amplification protocol for single cells, 4) identify aneuploidy and structural chromosome abnormalities using microarrays, 5) identifying sub-telomeric chromosome rearrangements, 6) a modified DNA fingerprinting protocol, 7) determine imprinting and epigenetic changes in developing embryos, 8) performing genome-wide scans to clarify/diagnose multi-factorial genetic disease and to determine genotype/haplotype patterns that may predict future disease, 9) determining single gene disorders with or without a known DNA mutation, 10) determining mtDNA mutations and/or the combination of mtDNA and genomic (nuclear) DNA aberrations that cause genetic disease.

The present invention provides methods of detection, including early detection, for cancer or other diseases and normal physiologic processes mediated by global epigenetic changes, by using one or more of the following biomarkers: a global DNA methylation index, a global histone H4 acetylation index, and a global histone H4 trimethylation index. These methods are useful for, among other things, assessing the effectiveness of treatment, monitoring relapse, and clinical staging of cancer and other chronic as well as acute diseases. These methods are also useful for among other things monitoring the effectiveness of strategies and therapies used to modify lifestyle and contextual effects to prevent disease, foster wellness and enable health promotion.

The present invention discloses a gene function association network-based method for discovering a chronic disease mechanism and an early warning intervention policy thereof. The method can be applied to the field of related research and application of biology, medicine and pharmacy. Epigenetic changes of the high-risk groups surveyed and discovered according to epidemiology before disease attack are detected, the epigenetic changes before the disease is associated with indicator gene changes of the disease through gene function network analysis, then a long-term molecular mechanism contributing to the disease risk is discovered, and risk early warning for the group, risky diagnosis for an individual, and indicators and methods for preventive intervention are provided. According to the method, a long-term steady biological path or biological function change may leave a mark on related gene epigenetic inheritance, and a chronic disease biological path or biological function level mechanism may be found through analysis of the synergistic effect of epigenetic differences.

A method of detecting a predisposition to, or the incidence of, bladder cancer in a sample comprises detecting an epigenetic change in at least one gene selected from TWIST1, NID2, RUNX3, BMP7, CCNA1, PDLIM4, TNFRSF25, APC, RASSF1A, LOXL1, TUBB4, NTRK2, ARFGAP3, OSMR and TJP2. Detection of the epigenetic change is indicative of a predisposition to, or the incidence of, bladder cancer. The gene may be TWIST1 or a panel of genes such as TWIST1, NID2 and RUNX3 may be screened. The epigenetic change may be methylation. A kit for detecting a predisposition to, or the incidence of, bladder cancer in a sample comprises at least one primer pair for determining the methylation status of each of NID2, TWIST1 and RUNX3. A kit for detecting a predisposition to, or the incidence of, bladder cancer in a sample comprises means for detecting an epigenetic change in at least one gene selected from TWIST1, NID2, RUNX3, BMP7, CCNA1, PDLIM4, TNFRSF25, APC, RASSF1A, LOXL1, TUBB4, NTRK2, ARFGAP3, OSMR and TJP2. The kit also contains means for processing a urine sample.

A method of identifying nucleic acid molecules differentially methylated in a disease comprises steps of incubating fragmented DNA, from a disease cell, with a reagent which specifically binds to methylated DNA to thus concentrate methylated DNA fragments, incubating fragmented DNA, from a disease cell related to the disease cell utilised in step (a) in which DNA methyltransferase expression and/or activity has been inhibited, with a reagent which specifically binds to methylated DNA to thus concentrate methylated DNA fragments and comparing the methylated DNA fragments obtained in steps (a) and (b) to identify nucleic acid molecules differentially methylated in the disease. A method of detecting a predisposition to, or the incidence of, colorectal cancer in a sample comprises detecting an epigenetic change in at least one gene selected from RASGRF2, SCNN1B, HOXD1, PLK2 and BHLHB9 wherein detection of the epigenetic change is indicative of a predisposition to, or the incidence of, colorectal cancer.

It is proposed that cancer cells express SATB1, and that SATB1 acts as a determinant for the acquisition of metastatic activity by controlling expression of a specific set of genes that promote metastatic activity. In order for cancer cells to gain the ability to metastasize, SATB1 re-organizes or re-packages genomic sequences in a specific manner to allow a switch in the pattern of gene expression. SATB1 expression was found restricted mainly to aggressive cancer cells where it may regulate the genetic and epigenetic changes that program the steps involved in the metastatic process. The present invention describes reagents and tools to detect the SATB1 protein for use in diagnosis and prognosis of aggressive cancers and therapeutics to inhibit SATB1 protein to deplete its expression in metastatic and aggressive cancers.

Described are methods of detecting modified nucleotide bases in a DNA sample using specific DNA glycosylases to excise target modified bases. DNA molecules are then labeled using a DNA polymerase lacking 3′→5′ exo-nuclease activity and strand displacement activity. The methods can be used to detect epigenetic changes and DNA damage. Provided are methods for diagnosing a disease or condition, determining risk of a disease or condition, identifying appropriate treatment, monitoring effectiveness of treatment, and monitoring side effects of treatment in subjects based on detection of modified bases. Also provided are methods for determining environmental exposure, or an environmental exposure time, of a biological sample containing DNA. Also provided are kits, systems, and devices for performing the described methods.

A method is disclosed for highly efficient DNA sequence alterations. The method is useful for editing chromosomes, to engineer cellular markers through insertion of genes, or to create epigenetic changes by using cas9-enzyme fusions where the enzymes can be DNA epigenetic modifying enzymes or chromatin modifying enzymes, etc. The technology also differs from all previously known technologies in that the CRISPR/Cas system can function in ways that are “clean”, i.e. they have not been in contact with any virus, or are carried DNA molecules that can insert into the chromosome in unintended locations.

Methods for determining if a patient has, or is at risk of having, and autism spectrum disorder by detecting epigenetic changes in the genome of the patient. For example, a method can comprise determining the methylation status of one or more genes in a blood sample.

The invention discloses a paraffin-embedded tissue sample processing method and a kit for tumor prognosis evaluation. The method comprises the following steps: obtaining a cell nucleus monolayer from a paraffin-embedded tumor tissue sample, dyeing the cell nucleus by using a dyeing reagent, and collecting an image by using a digital pathological scanning analysis system. The content of cell DNA in the abnormal tissue is detected through image analysis of the gray scale and the IOD value of the cell nucleus, and the DNA ploidy is reflected; through image analysis of cell nucleus textures, chromatin structures are quantified, and the structures comprehensively reflect gene changes and epigenetics changes. According to the method, the combined quantitative analysis of two prognosis risk factors is realized on the paraffin-embedded tissue sample through one-time sampling and one-time processing flow by utilizing a digital pathological scanning analysis system, and the analysis result can be used for prognosis evaluation of a patient, so that the efficiency and the accuracy of evaluation work are greatly improved, and reasonable medication is guided.

Disclosed are methods for assessing the methylation and mutation status of nucleic acid in a sample. The methods provide for methylation-dependent modification of the nucleic acid in a sample, and subsequently nucleic acid amplification processes to distinguish between mutated and non-mutated target sequence.

The present invention relates to methods for predicting the efficacy of anthracycline-based neo-adjuvant chemotherapy in triple-negative breast cancer. This is achieved by determining epigenetic changes within the PITX2 gene. Detection of the methylation state of Cp G sites in a genomic sequence of PITX2 allows an estimate of the response or failure of an individual breast cancer patient to neo-adjuvant therapy.

The present invention is related to methods and compositions useful in the detection and treatment of epigenetic changes during traumatic, autoimmune and other disease processes. The methods described herein comprise identifying and using certain agents to modulate pathophysiological processes in animal and human subjects. The methods of the invention may be used for therapeutic or diagnostic purposes.

The invention relates to the technical field of biology, in particular to a method for detecting genetic and epigenetic changes in tumor stem cells and clinical application. It is found that compared with para-carcinoma tissue, although wide genetic and epigenetic changes exist in liver cancer tissue, only a small amount of key genetic and epigenetic changes exist in liver cancer stem cells in the liver cancer tissue. For treatment of key genetic and epigenetic changes occurring in the tumor stem cells, the treatment effect on cancers may be better. The invention provides a new target discovery method for treatment of liver cancer.

A method of detecting a predisposition to, or the incidence of, bladder cancer in a sample comprises detecting an epigenetic change in at least one gene selected from FOXE1 and GATA4. Detection of the epigenetic change is indicative of a predisposition to, or the incidence of, bladder cancer. The sample comprises nucleic acid molecules from bladder cells. The methods may be used to select treatments and patients for treatment. Related kits include primers allowing the methylation status of the genes to be determined.

Assays using binding studies involving function of BRCA1a protein have use for diagnosis and for evaluation of possible tumorogenicity of agents, particularly estrogenic agents. The assays do not rely on use of a probe for only specific sequences, but on effects of known and unknown or not previously studied sequences (consequence of genetic changes) or posttranslational modification of BRCA1 proteins (as a consequence of epigenetic changes) as seen in hereditary and sporadic cancers.