The invention relates to an optical multi-point touch screen device and a method applicable to vibration and damp environment. The device comprises a screen, a touch screen frame and trapezoidal box-shaped components, wherein the touch screen frame is arranged on the outer edges of the screen, the trapezoidal box-shaped components are arranged at four corners of the screen frame, a linear array image sensor plate and a convex cylindrical lens are arranged in the components, and the sensor plate is connected with a driving plate through a connector. The optical multi-point touch screen device and the method have the advantages that the device is applicable to the modification of a plane large-screen display into a multi-point touch display, the problems of durability, light transmission rate and screen size limitation of a resistance screen and a capacitance screen are solved, the multi-point identification positioning method can be used for obtaining the center coordinates and the occupied regions of each touch point, in addition, ghost points can be effectively eliminated, the imaging characteristics of the convex cylindrical lens structure are adopted so that certain tolerance is realized on the vibration, in addition, the installation precision requirement on the structure is low, the imaging distortion is solved by adopting the optical calibration, the problems of high center precision and low peripheral precision of the screen of the triangular positioning method are avoided, a relative humidity sensor and electric heating glass are adopted, and the problem of optical touch screen failure caused by condensation in damp environment is avoided.