The invention discloses an in-band network telemetering method, an in-band network telemetering system and a computer readable storage medium, and belongs to the field of communication. The method adopts an INT data packet with a mark as a detection packet, and comprises the following steps: step 1, a packet sending terminal sends the detection packet to specified VPP virtual network equipment, namely an INT source end, and after the INT source end receives the detection packet, an INT head is packaged to generate the INT data packet with the mark, and the INT data packet with the mark is forwarded to subsequent VPP virtual network equipment; and step 2, the subsequent VPP virtual network equipment receives the INT data packet as INT forwarding equipment, counts INT metadata of the equipment according to the indication of the INT header, and writes the INT metadata into a corresponding position of the INT header, thereby finishing data acquisition work. According to the method, an in-band network telemetry framework is provided on the basis of a source routing technology on a framework with an open source of the VPP, forwarding of a detection packet is completed according to the source routing in combination with path design of a control plane to network topology, and telemetering coverage of the whole network is realized.