Controllable high-dispersion nano simple-substance metal/carbon composite material preparation method and electrical catalytic application thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a controllable high-dispersion nano simple-substance metal / carbon composite material preparation method and electrical catalytic application thereof. An ordered mesoporous carbon powder material having high specific area is synthesized; the material is subjected to oxidation treatment to obtain mesoporous carbon provided with hydrophilic groups on the surface and having high specific area; metal precursor perfusion is performed by adopting an impregnation method, the mesoporous carbon is converted into hydroxide by adopting an ammonia fumigation method, and the hydroxide is fixed in mesoporous confined pore channels; reduction is performed at high temperature in the presence of H2, and finally a high-dispersion nano metal simple-substance / carbon composite material is obtained. With zero-valent iron / mesoporous carbon as an example, the composite material serves as a working electrode, a three-electrode electrochemical method is adopted to remove nitrate in a water body through electrical catalytic reduction. The composite material prepared by adopting the preparation method contains small simple-substance metal nanoparticles which are evenly dispersed in the pore channels of a carbon substrate, and the metal crystallization degree and supporting amount are easy to control in the preparation process. After electrode slices are produced, the nitrate treatment efficiency is high, the nitrogen selectivity is improved, the stability is good, and secondary pollution such as metal ion dissolution is not caused.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention provides a preparation method and application of a nanocomposite material that uses electrocatalytic reduction to remove nitrate in water, belongs to the field of pollutant control and removal, and relates to a mesoporous carbon-loaded high-content, high-dispersion metal elemental nanoparticle material method of preparation. Background technique [0002] With the rapid development of the economy, the use of a large amount of nitrogenous fertilizers, the unreasonable disposal of domestic and industrial wastewater and sludge, and the increasing nitrate content in surface water and groundwater in many countries and regions, it has become a very common and serious problem. environmental issue. The increase of nitrogen in natural water will cause eutrophication of water and the outbreak of algal blooms. At the same time, excessive intake of nitrate in drinking water will be converted into nitrite in the human body, thereby inducing methemoglo...

AI Technical Summary

Problems solved by technology

In comparison, the physical method of removing nitrate is not selective, and the pollutants are not really degraded, but only transferred or concentrated; the commonly used biological denitrification method converts nitrate into nitrogen through the reduction of microorganisms, but this method The ability to resist impact load is poor, the process is complex, and there are problems such as secondary pollution; the chemical reduction method mainly includes the reduction method of metal element, catalytic reduction and electrochemical method

The elemental metal reduction method mainly uses iron, aluminum, zinc and other metal elements as reducing agents. The problem is that the reaction product is difficult to convert into harmless nitrogen, and secondary pollution such as metal ions will be generated.

[0005] The research on the dispersion of nano-zero-valent iron with mesoporous carbon as a carrier has been reported, but a nano-zero-valent iron / mesoporous carbon material with small particles, uniform dispersion and high loading is obtained through controlled synthesis. challenge question

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