The invention discloses a newborn hearing screening instrument which comprises a power module, a DSP processor module, an audio processing module, a power amplifier circuit, a probe circuit, a signal processing circuit, a storage module, a serial port communication module, a keyboard and a displayer. The processor module, the signal processing circuit and the power amplifier circuit are connected with the audio processing module. The power amplifier circuit and the signal processing circuit are connected with the probe circuit. The power module supplies power to the modules. According to the newborn hearing screening instrument, the functions of detecting transient evoked otoacoustic emission signals and distortion product otoacoustic emission signals are achieved, the newborn hearing screening instrument is completely disengaged from PC environment, portable operation is achieved, an independent rechargeable battery is adopted for power supply, keyboard operation is performed, the color liquid crystal displayer is used as a terminal, the good man-machine interface operation is achieved, the real-time printing function is achieved, and the instrument is attractive and exquisite in structure and convenient to carry.