The invention discloses a self-adaptive window switching method based on the TDA domain, belongs to the field of audio encoding, and particularly relates to a processing method used after performing time domain aliasing (TDA) on audio transient signals. The method is characterized in that detected time domain transient signals are mapped to the TDA domain after time domain aliasing, time-frequency analysis of variable window length can be executed on TDA domain signals by aid of a self-adaptive window switching method, different window switching modes can be selected according to TDA domain transient position and time-frequency analysis effect so as to realize switching and transiting of sub-frames with different lengths, and then a window switching mode of the TDA domain is selected by adopting a strategy of combining an open loop and a closed loop. By aid of the method, self-adaptive window switching aiming at TDA domain signals can be achieved to select the optimum time resolution, the pre-echoes distortion of the transient signals is avoided, and simultaneously fine time-frequency analysis results can be kept, thereby being favorable for increasing audio encoding quality on complex conditions such as mixing of transient and steady and the like.