The invention discloses an electronic document safety management system and method. The electronic document safety management system comprises a driving layer transparent encryption and decryption module, an application layer safety control and transparent encryption and decryption module, an intelligent file and process characteristic identification module, a file outside issuing off-line control module, a file screen watermark and printing watermark control module, a safety strategy management module and a secret key management module. The core technology of the system is managed in the driver of a client terminal, is operated in the core of the Windows operating system, and is called by an I/O manager to meet the demand of a file system. A data encryption platform of the system will take over the file system of the whole Windows operating system, and is responsible for providing the transparent encryption and decryption data services for the file system in real time. According to the electronic document safety management system and method, due to the fact that the electronic file safety protection measures are improved and the transparent encryption and decryption methods are imported, the off-line high safety and user friendliness of the electronic files are achieved.