Hydrogen metallurgy method

Abstract

A hydrogen metallurgy method and a relevant device relate to the technical field of hydrogen metallurgy and hydrogen energy source. A pre-reduction furnace is used for rapidly pre-reducing iron ore concentrate granules in a hydrogen-rich, high temperature and high pressure condition to produce sponge iron with a reduction degree of more than or equal to 75 percent and the sponge iron is delivered to a cracking furnace in a heat-preserving enclosed mode; the cracking furnace cracks @ type fuel gas into high-temperature hydrogen and nano @@ through direct current plasma electric arc in a high-temperature oxygen-poor condition, most of the high-temperature hydrogen is delivered to the pre-reduction furnace and the sponge iron is rapidly molten and reduced to smelt molten iron or semi-steel; simultaneously, the residual heat of tail gas from the pre-reduction furnace is used for producing high-temperature steam which is electrolyzed by a water steam electrolytic cell to prepare high-temperature pure hydrogen; and after water in the high-temperature pure hydrogen is separated by heat exchange, the high-temperature pure hydrogen is returned to the pre-reduction furnace and partial high-temperature pure hydrogen is directly delivered as the hydrogen energy source. High efficiency, energy conservation, the best product quality and the optimal emission reduction effect of hydrogen metallurgy are fully shown.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention relates to the fields of metallurgy and energy. In particular: natural gas, coal bed methane, underground coal gas, shale gas, combustible ice and other hydrocarbon gases, lignite and other high-hydrogen-containing coals, and plant dry powder direct-current plasma arc high-temperature anoxic direct cracking hydrogen production; metallurgical waste heat high-temperature steam Electrolytic hydrogen production; hydrogen-rich reduction to produce sponge iron; sponge iron melting and final reduction to produce molten iron or semi-steel; and its carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxide emissions are close to zero, and highly energy-saving; hydrogen energy can also be output to supply hydrogen for vehicles Energize. Background technique [0002] 1. Hydrogen metallurgy background technology [0003] Giant blast furnace ironmaking is still the current mainstream metallurgical ironmaking technology. This technology is very mature, with huge...

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Problems solved by technology

However, a large amount of carbon dioxide emissions in this ironmaking method is still the fundamental problem; and the finely ground selected iron concentrate powder and coal powder, catalyst, desulfurizer, etc. are further mixed and moistened into a particle size of 0.04mm accounting for the total powder volume 90%, and mixed pellets, the manufacturing difficulty is higher, the working conditions of the workers are poor, and the product cost will be significantly increased

[0007] 2. Hydrogen energy background technology: Without cheap hydrogen energy, it is impossible to carry out hydrogen metallurgy, and it is impossible to realize hydrogen energy in automobiles, tractors, ships, airplanes, and basic human life

However, if it is to be applied to ironmaking and hydrogen energy production, there are still the following disadvantages: (1) the power is too small. At present, the world's successful industrial application of ion devices has a maximum power of 2.8 megawatts and a maximum operating current of 10kA. The plasma metallurgical furnace used as a substitute for blast furnace ironmaking should be above 100 MW and 100kA; (2) the cathode of the plasma gun of the existing smelting device is made of water-cooled tungsten, niobium, tantalum, molybdenum, hafnium, zirconium, etc. Manufactured by adding oxides of thorium, cerium, yttrium, ytterbium, etc. to refractory metals, practice has proved that when the working current exceeds 4kA, the cathode ablation is extremely serious, and its water-cooled plasma gun directly penetrates into a huge, high-temperature and high-pressure hydrogen In the core area of ​​the hydrogen metallurgical plasma furnace, it is difficult to resist the high temperature of the plasma furnace for a long time, and it is prone to irreversible major safety accidents. It is not practical to frequently replace the plasma gun or the cathode of the plasma gun to ensure safety. According to the practice of giant blast furnaces It can be seen that the shutdown of a huge high-temperature, high-pressure, flammable and explosive reducing gas is already a very complicated, dangerous, costly and time-consuming task, which greatly reduces production efficiency.

[0016] The inventor finds that: the world iron and steel industry is a major player in the world's concentrated energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions, and its energy consumption and actual emissions of carbon dioxide account for about 20% of the world's total energy consumption and carbon dioxide emissions. The utilization rate is less than 40%, and its large amount of high-temperature and high-enthalpy tail gas (its thermal energy is comparable to that generated by large nuclear power plants) is usually directly emptied, and only a few advanced metallurgical enterprises use it for waste heat power generation, but its total thermal efficiency is generally Still only around 50%

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