33 results about "Exhaust gas sensor" patented technology

In a method for adjusting a vehicle parameter, where the vehicle is equipped with an exhaust gas sensor, an exhaust gas sensor signal is received. Based on this signal, a parameter representative of the vehicle's air-fuel ratio is determined. Depending on this parameter, it is then determined whether a transition from a superstoichiometric to a substoichiometric air-fuel mixture, or from a substoichiometric to a superstoichiometric air-fuel mixture, is imminent. If a transition is imminent, the current value of the parameter is adjusted until a predefined termination condition is met. The current parameter value is then transmitted.

Method for heating an exhaust gas sensor (26) in the exhaust system (20) of an internal combustion engine (10), wherein an electrically heated catalyst (24) is arranged in the exhaust system (20) and an exhaust gas sensor (26) is arranged upstream of the electrically heated catalyst (24) and is spaced apart from the electrically heated catalyst (24), wherein the electrically heated catalyst is heated by an electric heating element and the waste heat of the electrically heated catalyst (24) is used to heat the exhaust gas sensor (26) to its release temperature (T) by means of heat conduction via a thermal bridge (28) made of copper or a copper alloy. F ) to heat up.

In a method for adapting a characteristic variable of a vehicle, the vehicle having an exhaust gas sensor, an exhaust gas sensor signal of the exhaust gas sensor is received. A characteristic variable which is representative of a combustion air ratio of the vehicle is determined in dependence on the exhaust gas sensor signal. In dependence on the characteristic variable, it is determined whether a transition from a superstoichiometric air-fuel mixture to a substoichiometric air-fuel mixture or a transition from a substoichiometric air-fuel mixture to a superstoichiometric air-fuel mixture is imminent. If a transition is imminent, a current value of the characteristic variable is adapted until a predefined termination condition is met. The actual value of the characteristic variable is transmitted.

An exhaust device is disclosed, including: an exhaust chamber 65 disposed to overlap with an internal combustion engine 3 in a top view; an exhaust pipe 61, which passes below the internal combustion engine from an exhaust port 36 of the internal combustion engine, and which includes an opening portion 61c in the exhaust chamber; a catalyst holding pipe 80, which is held in the exhaust pipe, at least a part of which is disposed in the exhaust chamber, and which is filled with a catalyst 8; and an exhaust gas sensor 91 disposed on a sensor attachment boss portion 93, which is provided on the exhaust pipe so as to penetrate into a rear exhaust pipe 61b and the exhaust chamber, the rear exhaust pipe 61b constituting the exhaust pipe, being stored in the exhaust chamber, and holding the catalyst holding pipe. Thus, in providing the exhaust gas sensor at the front and the rear of the catalyst in the exhaust pipe in order to appropriately make a degradation diagnosis of the catalyst for exhaust gas treatment, detection accuracy of the exhaust gas sensor can be improved, while a length in a front-rear direction of the exhaust passage is made compact. Emission improvement is achieved, and contribution to mitigating or reducing the influence on climate change is made, accordingly.

This invention provides a comprehensive detection device and method for automotive exhaust pollutants, relating to the field of air pollution detection technology. The comprehensive detection device includes an outer cylinder and an exhaust gas sensor. A support unit is located inside the outer cylinder, and the support unit has rotating blades and a cleaning component. When exhaust gas with a temperature lower than a preset value is introduced into the outer cylinder, it drives the blades and cleaning component to rotate, allowing the cleaning component to contact the surface of the exhaust gas sensor and move relative to it. This cleans the pollutants adhering to the surface of the exhaust gas sensor even during the cold start phase of the vehicle, ensuring the operational stability of the exhaust gas sensor and the accuracy of the detection data. When exhaust gas with a temperature greater than or equal to the preset value is introduced into the outer cylinder, the blades and cleaning component overlap with the support unit in the circumferential direction of the outer cylinder to reduce obstruction of the exhaust gas flow path and minimize the impact on exhaust gas emission. Simultaneously, the heating module operates.

Gas heat pump system that features: a compressor of an air conditioning module; a gas engine that generates a driving force for the compressor; an exhaust gas turbocharger that feeds at least a proportion of exhaust gas emitted from the gas engine back to the gas engine as recirculated exhaust gas; and an exhaust gas sensor configured to detect the concentration of pollutants contained in the exhaust gas; and a control unit that controls the operation of the exhaust gas turbocharger, the exhaust gas turbocharger features: a turbocharger impeller that exerts pressure on the recirculated exhaust gas and feeds the resulting recirculated exhaust gas to the gas engine; and a turbocharger motor that rotates the turbocharger impeller, and the control system is adjusted to increase the speed of the turbocharger motor, when the measured concentration is equal to or higher than a first reference concentration.

The invention provides a saddle type vehicle. In a saddle-type vehicle, an engine unit including a unit-type swing engine, a catalyst device, and an exhaust gas sensor is made compact. A saddled vehicle is provided with: a unit swing engine (13) that has a crankcase (43) and a cylinder section (44) that extends from the crankcase (43) such that the cylinder axis extends in the front-rear direction of the vehicle, the unit swing engine (13) being swingably supported by a vehicle body frame (12); a radiator (60) disposed on the side of the crankcase (43); an exhaust pipe (77) connected to the cylinder section (44); a catalyst device (121) provided in the exhaust pipe (77); and an exhaust gas sensor (141) provided to the exhaust pipe (77), the catalyst device (121) and the exhaust gas sensor (141) being disposed apart from the radiator in the vehicle front-rear direction in a side view.

A straddle type vehicle includes an exhaust passage through which exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine flows, an exhaust gas sensor detecting a component of the exhaust gas flowing through the exhaust passage, and a cover member covering the exhaust gas sensor. The cover member has a front wall portion that is disposed on a front side of the exhaust gas sensor in a front-and-rear direction of the straddle type vehicle. A passing portion through which a traveling wind passes is formed in the front wall portion. The front wall portion has a rigidity portion having higher rigidity than other portions. A harness connected to the exhaust gas sensor passes through a side of the rigidity portion of the front wall portion.

A sensor mounting module comprises: a sensor receiving portion configured, in use, to receive an exhaust gas sensor having a sensor body, one or more sensor inlets and one or more sensor outlets. The sensor is configured to sense a property of the gas flowing between the one or more sensor inlets and the one or more sensor outlets via a sensor passage. The sensor mounting module further comprises: a module inlet configured to direct gas towards the one or more sensor inlets; a module outlet; and an intermediate portion between the module inlet and the module outlet wherein the sensor mounting module is configured in use so as to receive the sensor body into the intermediate portion so as to restrict or prevent flow of gas through the intermediate portion other than via the sensor passage. The module inlet is configured to funnel the exhaust gas towards the one or more sensor inlets so as to increase pressure of the exhaust gas at the module inlet in order to provide a positive pressure differential between the module inlet and the module outlet.

A sensor mounting module 110 comprises a sensor receiving portion 132 configured to receive an exhaust gas sensor 120 having a sensor body 152, one or more sensor inlets 122a,122b,122c and one or more

The invention provides a saddle type vehicle. In a saddle-type vehicle, an engine unit including a unit-type swing engine, a catalyst device, and an exhaust gas sensor is made compact. A saddled vehicle is provided with: a unit swing engine (13) that has a crankcase (43) and a cylinder section (44) that extends from the crankcase (43) such that the cylinder axis extends in the front-rear direction of the vehicle, the unit swing engine (13) being swingably supported by a vehicle body frame (12); a radiator (60) disposed on the side of the crankcase (43); an exhaust pipe (77) connected to the cylinder section (44); a catalyst device (121) provided in the exhaust pipe (77); and an exhaust gas sensor (141) provided to the exhaust pipe (77), the catalyst device (121) and the exhaust gas sensor (141) being disposed apart from the radiator in the vehicle front-rear direction in a side view.

To improve the assembly ease and protection performance of an exhaust gas sensor in a model in which an exhaust pipe crosses in front of a cylinder. [Solution] An engine (31) for a saddle-ride type vehicle is mounted on a body frame (10) having a down frame (14) extending downward from a head pipe (11). The engine is provided with a cylinder (33) located rearward of the down frame, a cylinder head (34) mounted on the upper surface of the cylinder, an exhaust pipe (61) extending rearward from the cylinder head, and an exhaust gas sensor (71) for detecting predetermined characteristics in the exhaust gas. The exhaust pipe extends downward through one side of the down frame, crosses in front of the down frame, and then extends upward through the other side of the down frame. The exhaust gas sensor is installed on the rear side of the exhaust pipe on one side of the down frame and is located outboard of the cylinder in the vehicle width direction when viewed from the front.

A method for diagnosing swapped exhaust gas sensors in Y-type exhaust systems of internal combustion engines is disclosed. By asymmetrically adjusting exhaust flaps, the exhaust mass flow is directed through one of the exhaust streams while the other is reduced. Adjustments in the combustion engine's mixture formation and the continuous monitoring of exhaust gas changes by the sensors enable the identification of a swap. When such a swap is detected, an error is recorded in the fault memory. This innovative method improves the reliability and efficiency of exhaust gas monitoring by ensuring the correct sensor arrangement.

The invention discloses an exhaust gas sensor current detection method based on machine learning, and relates to the technical field of exhaust gas sensors. The method aims at solving the problems that an existing diesel vehicle waste gas sensor is large in current measurement error and poor in batch consistency due to the ceramic substrate insulativity, materials, interdigital electrode distance difference and temperature influences, and a traditional method cannot cope with the long-term stability problem caused by sensor aging. The method comprises the steps of data acquisition, compensation current calculation, training data set construction, data preprocessing, machine learning model training and embedded system integration. The BP neural network is adopted for intelligent prediction, current detection errors can be accurately compensated, and the detection precision is improved; the constructed training data set considers multiple influence factors, and the model adaptability and generalization ability are high; and the integrated online learning module can dynamically update the model to adapt to sensor aging, so that long-term stability is ensured, the batch consistency of the sensors is improved, and the production and use cost is reduced.

The inventive method for on-board determination of pollutant emission masses of an internal combustion engine (1) with an exhaust aftertreatment device (2) is carried out by means of an electronic control device (7) associated with the internal combustion engine (1) and / or the exhaust aftertreatment device (2) by executing program instructions of the inventive computer program product (20). Sensor signal values ​​(AS_Sig) provided by an exhaust gas sensor (6c) are continuously recorded, and the amount of condensate stored in the exhaust aftertreatment device (2) is continuously determined. Based on the determined amount of condensate, and taking into account at least one further operating and / or system parameter, sensor signal correction values ​​(AS_Sig_Kw) are continuously calculated for the sensor signal values ​​(AS_Sig). These correction values ​​are representative of the continuous storage or release of at least one pollutant by the stored amount of condensate. Based on the corrected sensor signal values ​​(AS_Sig_Korr) determined in this way, the pollutant emission masses during the operation of the internal combustion engine (1) are calculated. This allows for a more accurate recording of the actual masses of pollutants emitted and thus more accurate monitoring of the conformity of the operation of the internal combustion engine (1) with existing pollutant emission laws.

Method for determining the hydrogen content in the exhaust gas of a hydrogen combustion engine at a position upstream of an oxidation catalyst device (110) configured to oxidize the hydrogen in the exhaust gas, wherein upstream of the oxidation catalyst device (110) a first exhaust gas sensor (120) is arranged, which is configured to generate a first exhaust gas signal that is representative of the oxygen content in the exhaust gas that has diffused into the first exhaust gas sensor (120) at the measuring position, which originates from the exhaust gas upstream of the oxidation catalyst device (110), and downstream of the oxidation catalyst device (110) a second exhaust gas sensor (130) is arranged, which is configured to generate a second exhaust gas signal that is representative of the oxygen content in the exhaust gas that has diffused into the second exhaust gas sensor (130) at the measuring position, which originates from the exhaust gas.originates downstream of the oxidation catalyst device (110), the method comprising: - Determining a deceleration shutdown phase of the hydrogen combustion engine, - Receiving a first exhaust signal from the first exhaust sensor (120), - Receiving a second exhaust signal from the second exhaust sensor (130), - Determining a difference at least partially based on the received first exhaust signal and the received second exhaust signal, - Determining the hydrogen content in the exhaust gas of the hydrogen combustion engine upstream of the oxidation catalyst device (110) at least partially based on the determined difference, wherein the determined hydrogen content provides an indication of the crankcase ventilation of the hydrogen combustion engine, and - Sending a hydrogen signal that is representative of the determined hydrogen content in the exhaust gas of the hydrogen combustion engine upstream of the oxidation catalyst device (110).

The invention relates to a method, to a control device, and to a computer program for determining a corrected gas proportion of a gas component in an exhaust gas flowing through an exhaust gas tract of an internal combustion engine and to an exhaust gas tract, to an internal combustion engine, to a vehicle, and to a computer-readable medium. The internal combustion engine has a storage-type catalytic converter (20) and an exhaust gas sensor (22) provided downstream of the exhaust gas catalytic converter (20). The method according to the invention has the steps of receiving an operating state signal which is representative of a cold-operating state or a warm-operating state of the storage-type catalytic converter; receiving at least one first exhaust gas signal from the exhaust gas sensor (22) if the received operating state signal indicates a cold-operating state of the storage-type catalytic converter (20); determining a correction value on the basis of the at least one received first exhaust gas signal; receiving at least one second exhaust gas signal from the exhaust gas sensor (22) if the received operating state signal indicates a warm-operating state of the storage-type catalytic converter (20); and determining a corrected gas proportion of the gas component in the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine (10) at least partly on the basis of the at least one received second exhaust gas signal and the determined correction value.

The method according to the invention for the on-board determination of pollutant emission masses of an internal combustion engine (1) with an exhaust gas aftertreatment device (2) is carried out by executing program instructions of the computer program product (20) according to the invention by means of an electronic control device (7) paired with the internal combustion engine (1) and / or the exhaust gas aftertreatment device (2). In the process, sensor signal values (AS_Sig) provided by an exhaust gas sensor (6c) are continuously detected and the quantity of condensate stored in the exhaust gas aftertreatment device (2) is continuously determined. On the basis of the determined condensate quantity, sensor signal correction values (AS_Sig_Kw) for the sensor signal values (AS_Sig) which are representative of the continuous storage or release of the at least one pollutant by means of the stored condensate quantity are continuously determined using at least one other operating and / or system parameter. The pollutant emission masses are determined during the operation of the internal combustion engine (1) on the basis of corrected sensor signal values (AS_Sig_Korr) determined using the sensor signal correction values, allowing a more precise detection of the pollutant masses actually being emitted and thus a more precise monitoring of the conformity of the operation of the internal combustion engine (1) with existing pollutant emission laws.

An engine in a straddle-type vehicle is mounted on a vehicle body frame in which a down frame extends downward from a head pipe. The engine is provided with a cylinder located rearward of the down frame, a cylinder head provided on an upper surface of the cylinder, an exhaust pipe extending from the cylinder head toward a vehicle rear side, and an exhaust gas sensor configured to detect a predetermined characteristic in exhaust gas. The exhaust pipe extends downward through one lateral side of the down frame, crosses front of the down frame, and then extends upward through the other lateral side of the down frame. The exhaust gas sensor is provided on a back surface side of the exhaust pipe on the one lateral side of the down frame, and is located on an outer side with respect to the cylinder in a vehicle width direction.

The application belongs to the technical field of gas sensors, and relates to a semiconductor CO tail gas sensor for a ship and application thereof. The semiconductor CO tail gas sensor has a MEMS micro-heating plate as a main body structure, and through the synergistic design of a SnO2 / ZnO / CuO ternary heterojunction and a porous nanostructure formed by a metal oxide, a dynamic temperature control algorithm and a differential signal processing are combined, so that the sensitivity, selectivity and environmental adaptability of the sensor are significantly improved.

Method for operating a propulsion system (1) of a motor vehicle (2), wherein the propulsion system (1) comprises an internal combustion engine (3) for propelling the motor vehicle (2) and a first three-way catalyst (4) for cleaning exhaust gases of the internal combustion engine (3), wherein the method comprises: - Providing a first sulfur loading model (BM1) of the first three-way catalyst (4) by means of a control device (5) of the drive system (1), - Determining operating parameters (BP) of the internal combustion engine (3) by the control device (5), - Applying the operating parameters (BP) of the internal combustion engine (3) to the first sulfur loading model (BM1) to determine a first sulfur loading (SB1) of the first three-way catalyst (4) by the control device (5), - Determining a current first catalyst temperature (KT1) of the first three-way catalyst (4) by the control device (5), and - Performing a first predefined desulfurization measure (EM1) depending on the determined first sulfur loading (SB1) and the determined current first catalyst temperature (KT1) by the control device (5), characterized by that the control device (5) as a first predefined desulfurization measure (EM1) performs a targeted heating (GA) of the first three-way catalyst (4) to a passive regeneration temperature if the determined first sulfur loading (SB1) is greater than a first predefined loading limit (BG1) and less than a second predefined loading limit (BG2) and the current first catalyst temperature (KT1) is less than the passive regeneration temperature, wherein the passive regeneration temperature is a catalyst temperature (KT1, KT2) that can be achieved by normal operation of the internal combustion engine (3) to propel the motor vehicle (2), wherein the control device (5) has an artificial intelligence that is configured to adjust the first sulfur loading model (BM1) of the first three-way catalyst (4) depending on the first predefined to verify the plausibility of the desulfurization measure (EM1), the determined operating parameter (BP) of the combustion engine (3) and the exhaust gas values ​​determined by means of at least one exhaust gas sensor (7).

The invention relates to a method for adjusting the reaction kinetics of a reaction taking place in a catalytic converter using model-based filling level regulation. A target value of a filling level of exhaust gas components stored in the catalytic converter is predefined; the filling level of the catalytic converter is calculated using exhaust gas sensors upstream of the catalytic converter and a catalytic converter model; the composition of the air-fuel mixture is adjusted depending on the filling level such that the calculated filling level approaches the predefined target value; the difference in the signals of the exhaust gas sensors upstream and downstream of the catalytic converter is acquired; the adjustment of the composition of the air-fuel mixture depending on the filling level is deactivated; the difference in the signals of the exhaust gas sensors upstream and downstream of the catalytic converter upon deactivation of the adjustment is reacquired, and the reaction kinetics of the reaction taking place in the catalytic converter is corrected in accordance with the difference between the difference in the signals of the exhaust gas sensors upstream and downstream of the catalytic converter upon activation and deactivation of the adjustment.

The present invention relates to a method, a control device, and a computer program for determining a corrected gas fraction of a gas component in exhaust gas flowing through an exhaust tract of an internal combustion engine, as well as an exhaust tract, an internal combustion engine, a vehicle, and a computer-readable medium. The internal combustion engine has a storage catalyst (20) and an exhaust gas sensor (22) arranged downstream of the exhaust catalyst (20).The method according to the invention comprises receiving an operating state signal that is representative of a cold operating state or a warm operating state of the storage catalyst, receiving at least one first exhaust gas signal from the exhaust gas sensor (22) if the received operating state signal indicates a cold operating state of the storage catalyst (20), determining a correction value based on the at least one received first exhaust gas signal, receiving at least one second exhaust gas signal from the exhaust gas sensor (22) if the received operating state signal indicates a warm operating state of the storage catalyst (20), and determining a corrected gas fraction of the gas component in the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine (10) at least partially based on the at least one received second exhaust gas signal and the determined correction value.

Exhaust aftertreatment system (100), comprising: an aftertreatment component (150; 250); an exhaust sensor (105) arranged downstream of the aftertreatment component; a container for active catalyst material (140;240), which is fluidly coupled to the aftertreatment component (150), and a controller (170) which is communicatively coupled to the outlet sensor (105) and the container for active catalyst material (140), wherein the controller (170) is configured to: evaluate an output signal from the outlet sensor (105) indicating performance of the aftertreatment component (150), determine whether the aftertreatment component (150) is deactivated, and in response to the determination that the aftertreatment component (150) is deactivated, activate the container for active catalyst material (140) such that a predetermined quantity of an active catalyst material is provided to at least one section of the aftertreatment component (150), wherein the active catalyst material coats at least the section of the aftertreatment component in order to restore the aftertreatment component (150).

The invention relates to a method, a control device and a computer program for determining the rich gas content in the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine, as well as an exhaust gas tract, an internal combustion engine, a vehicle and a computer-readable medium. An oxidation catalyst device (110), a first exhaust gas sensor (120) arranged upstream thereof, and a second exhaust gas sensor (130) arranged downstream thereof are also provided. The method according to the invention comprises receiving a first exhaust gas signal from the first exhaust gas sensor (130), receiving a second exhaust gas signal from the second exhaust gas sensor (130), determining a difference at least partially on the basis of the received first exhaust gas signal and the received second exhaust gas signal, determining the rich gas content in the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine upstream of the oxidation catalyst device (110) at least partially on the basis of the determined difference, and transmitting a rich gas signal which is representative of the determined rich gas content in the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine upstream of the oxidation catalyst device (110).

The method, the device and the computer program product relate to the detection of pollutant masses, emitted with an exhaust gas mass flow (11a), of an internal combustion engine (1a) operated in a hybrid drive system (1) together with an additional drive machine (1b) and having an exhaust gas aftertreatment device (2), by means of an electronic control device (7). In the running hybrid operating mode of the hybrid drive system (1), a start request for the internal combustion engine (1a) is first determined and the operational readiness of an associated exhaust gas sensor (6) is checked. If the operational readiness of the exhaust gas sensor (6) is not indicated, the internal combustion engine (1a) is operated in a start-up operating phase with predefined reference operating parameters (VKM_R-Pmtr) while simultaneously compensating for deviating power demands on the hybrid drive system (1), solely by means of an additional drive machine (1b), wherein the pollutant masses (S1) emitted during said start-up operating phase are determined on the basis of an emission reference value (RW_Ems), which is representative of a pollutant content (11) in the exhaust gas mass flow (11a) of the start-up operating phase. As soon as the operational readiness of the at least one associated exhaust gas sensor (6) is indicated, the start-up operating phase is ended and the pollutant masses (S2) still emitted by the internal combustion engine (1a) are determined on the basis of the emission value (AS_Sig) provided by the exhaust gas sensor (6). In this way, the emitted pollutant masses are accurately determined advantageously and in a simple manner, wherein the accuracy is steadily increased by means of continuously updated emission reference values (RW_Ems).

An exhaust device includes a catalyst unit, a connection pipe connected to a downstream side of the catalyst unit, an exhaust gas sensor that detects a state of exhaust gas flowing inside the connection pipe, and an outer cylinder that covers an outer periphery of the connection pipe. An upstream end portion of the connection pipe is press-fitted into an outlet of the catalyst unit. The connection pipe is fixed to a first baffle plate around the connection pipe at a position downstream of the upstream end portion. A first opening having an opening diameter larger than an outer diameter of the exhaust gas sensor is formed on a peripheral surface of the connection pipe, and the exhaust gas sensor is fixed to the outer cylinder in a state where a detection portion is inserted into an inside of the connection pipe through the first opening.

The present invention relates to a method, a control device, and a computer program for determining the rich gas content in the exhaust gas of an internal combustion engine, as well as an exhaust system, an internal combustion engine, a vehicle, and a computer-readable medium. The invention includes an oxidation catalyst device (110), a first exhaust gas sensor (120) arranged upstream of the catalyst, and a second exhaust gas sensor (130) arranged downstream of the catalyst.The method according to the invention comprises receiving a first exhaust gas signal from the first exhaust gas sensor (130), receiving a second exhaust gas signal from the second exhaust gas sensor (130), determining a difference at least partially based on the received first exhaust gas signal and the received second exhaust gas signal, determining the rich gas content in the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine upstream of the oxidation catalyst device (110) at least partially based on the determined difference, and sending a rich gas signal that is representative of the determined rich gas content in the exhaust gas of the internal combustion engine upstream of the oxidation catalyst device (110).

The invention provides a saddle type vehicle. In a saddle-type vehicle, an engine unit including a unit-type swing engine, a catalyst device, and an exhaust gas sensor is made compact. A saddled vehicle is provided with: a unit swing engine (13) that has a crankcase (43) and a cylinder section (44) that extends from the crankcase (43) such that the cylinder axis extends in the front-rear direction of the vehicle, the unit swing engine (13) being swingably supported by a vehicle body frame (12); a radiator (60) disposed on the side of the crankcase (43); an exhaust pipe (77) connected to the cylinder section (44); a catalyst device (121) provided in the exhaust pipe (77); and an exhaust gas sensor (141) provided to the exhaust pipe (77), the catalyst device (121) and the exhaust gas sensor (141) being disposed apart from the radiator in the vehicle front-rear direction in a side view.

The invention relates to a method for operating an internal combustion engine to which an exhaust system (4) is connected, wherein in a first step the internal combustion engine is started, in a second step the exhaust gas is detected by the exhaust gas sensor with regard to an emission characteristic, In a third step, a control signal representing the detected emission characteristic is transmitted to the control unit; in a fourth step, the control unit classifies the emission characteristic; and in a fifth step, if the classification matches the emission characteristic of the e-fuel with the e-fuel additive, the control unit enables driving operation, or if the classification does not match the emission characteristic of the e-fuel with the e-fuel additive, the combustion engine is shut down. Furthermore, the invention relates to an exhaust system (4) and a motor vehicle (2).