The invention discloses data encryption, decryption and transmission methods and systems. The data encryption method comprises the steps of: obtaining original data, and generating a random character string; utilizing a preset data mixing rule, mixing the random character string to the original data, and obtaining mixed data; and utilizing a preset encryption algorithm to encrypt the mixed data, obtaining encrypted data, and sending the encrypted data to a receiving end. According to the invention, for either a symmetric encryption mode or an asymmetric encryption mode, dual insurance by the random character string and an encryption key exists, and even if the same secret key is used to encrypt the same original data, different encrypted data is obtained because of the adding of the random character string, so that the decryption difficulty of the encrypted data is enhanced, and the safety of the encrypted data is further improved.