A kind of method and application of silver electroplating of aromatic polyamide fiber

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of antistatic materials, conductive materials and electromagnetic shielding materials, and discloses a method and application of electroplating silver on aromatic polyamide fibers: first, the aromatic polyamide fibers are cleaned and degreased; treatment; then soak the fiber with metal salt solution; after reduction treatment, the ion layer is changed into a metal particle layer; then electroless nickel plating, silver plating, and coating protection treatment are performed. The invention forms a metal particle layer with catalytic and anchoring functions on the surface of the aramid fiber, which is helpful for subsequent deposition of a continuous and dense electroless nickel plating layer, with simple process and outstanding effect. The electroless nickel plating used in the present invention is to give the fiber preliminary conductivity and prepare for silver plating. Silver plating and coating protection will further improve the conductivity and durability of the samples. The invention can be applied to special fields such as aviation, aerospace, navigation, satellite, electronics, telecommunications, medical treatment and military industry.

Description

technical field [0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of antistatic materials, conductive materials and electromagnetic shielding materials, and in particular relates to a method and application of electroplating silver on aromatic polyamide fibers. Background technique [0002] At present, with the rapid development of science and technology, more and more electronic and electrical equipment have been popularized in various fields of human life, and the electromagnetic compatibility problems caused by this are becoming more and more serious, which not only causes interference and damage to electronic equipment, but also It will pollute the environment, endanger human health, and endanger information security. In this context, various electromagnetic shielding products emerged as the times require. Among them, conductive fibers not only maintain the light weight and flexibility of ordinary fibers, but also have certain antistatic, conductive and electromagnetic...

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Problems solved by technology

There are also research papers, such as: "Surface silverized meta-aramid fibers prepared by bio-inspired poly(dopamine) functionalization", "Gold coated para-aramid yarns through electroless deposition", "A new electroless Ni plating procedure of iodine-treated aramid fiber", "A new method of producing conductive aramid fibers using supercritical carbon dioxide" and so on; the focus of these papers is mainly on the research of electroless plating pretreatment, among which, the classic "inorganic acid / inorganic alkali etching-sensitization (chlorine SnN solution) - activation (palladium chloride solution)" pretreatment method often destroys the strength of aramid fiber and the catalytic effect is not ideal, while the newly developed pretreatment method often involves in-situ deposition of polymer between the fiber and the coating Tie layer, or supercritical CO 2 Processing and other processes, the cost is high, the prospect of large-scale industrial application is uncertain, and basically stay in the laboratory stage

[0006] Through the above analysis, the defects and problems existing in the prior art are: (1) the cost of vacuum coating is high and the requirements for the sample shape are high; (2) the existing electroless plating pretreatment process of aramid fibers has limitations, especially the classic "Acid / alkali etching-sensitization-activation" has obvious damage to the strength of fibers, is expensive, and has a general catalytic effect. However, the pretreatment process in research papers is often a forward-looking exploration, and its application prospects in large-scale industrialization are limited. (3) Although electroless plating can endow aramid fiber with conductive properties, it can only plate a single layer of metal basically, and the performance of the resulting product has limitations; (4) the existence of reducing agent in the electroless plating solution affects its long-term stability ; Especially for the best silver of conductivity and electromagnetic shielding performance, its deposition potential is lower, and the electroless plating solution also has self-catalyzed deposition effect, which is very easy to decompose, easily causes poor plating and waste, and then affects the performance of the resulting product; (5 ) At present, the most stable and mature technology is the electroless nickel plating technology, which has low cost and controllable reaction. During the plating process, the plating solution can always be kept in a clear state.

[0007] It is more difficult to solve the above defects and problems: (1) Compared with the macroscopic planar structure, the fiber is a micron-scale curved surface structure, and it is more difficult to maintain uniformity in the current density of metal deposition on it, and the "black core" phenomenon is prone to occur. The requirements for technology and formula are very high; (2) Aramid fiber has high crystallinity, high rigidity, smooth and compact surface, and low reaction energy. Compared with cotton fiber and polyester fiber, it is difficult to deposit metal coating on it , or the combination fastness is very poor, it is necessary to carefully consider the process method of electroless plating pretreatment; (3) more difficult is that all pretreatment methods should not reduce the strength of aramid fiber too much; (4) in view of the conductive aramid fiber Sensitive uses, the relevant references are relatively few, which increases the corresponding difficulties

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