The invention belongs to the technical field of organic synthesis, and relates to a preparation method of p-benzoquinone compound, comprising the following steps: 1) Adding phenol compound, transition metal salt catalyst, acidic ionic liquid and solvent into a high-pressure reactor in sequence, and filling oxygen to a specified pressure, heated to a specified temperature and continuously stirred, and reacted for 0.5-5 hours; 2) After the reaction, the catalyst was separated from the reaction system and the solvent was evaporated, and the remaining solid was washed by the solvent and then stripped to obtain the p-benzoquinone compound; the method of the present invention While ensuring high conversion rate and high selectivity, it effectively reduces the amount of transition metal catalyst, and the ionic liquid catalyst can be recycled for many times, realizing a low-emission, green and environmentally friendly production process, and the economy is also greatly improved, suitable for industrialization Production.