The invention discloses a single-core low-speed six-wheeled picomouse exploration controller, comprising a cell, a first sensor, a second sensor, a third sensor, a fourth sensor, a gyroscope, a first motor, a second motor, a third motor, a fourth motor, a fifth motor, a sixth motor, a seventh motor, a direction sensor, an accelerometer, a vacuum apparatus, an STM32F407 controller, seven MX118 chips, etc. The controller increases an operation speed, and constantly monitors and calculates running states of a picomouse; four sensors are employed for detection, which reduce interference, and meanwhile accurately monitor peripheral environments; according to the running states, the controller can correct moving postures, redistribute torques, and distribute more torques to a nonstall driving wheel so as to allow a system to rapidly get out of an unstable state; in addition, the controller can automatically regulate the ground adsorption capability of the vacuum apparatus, and completely avoid the skidding of the picomouse when performing exploration with a high speed and sprinting in a complex labyrinth.