The invention belongs to the technical field of medical equipment, and discloses a novel surgical nursing dressing changing apparatus, control system and control method. The novel surgical nursing dressing changing apparatus is provided with a distilled water bottle, an alcohol bottle, a hemostatics bottle, an anti-inflammatory drug bottle, a spraying gun, an air pressure pipe, a liquid medicine pipe, a rubber pipe, a pressurizing rod, an air pressure display meter, a bottle opening switch, a liquid leakage detection module and a bacteria detection module. The alcohol is stored in the alcoholbottle, the hemostatics are stored in the hemostatics bottle, the anti-inflammatory drug is stored in the anti-inflammatory drug bottle, and the four bottles are pressurized by virtue of the pressurizing rod. By adopting the novel surgical nursing dressing changing apparatus, the complicated dressing changing apparatus is simplified, so that the dressing changing time is saved, and the working efficiency is increased; in addition, the medicine is sprayed by using the spraying gun, the medicine is more uniformly sprayed, and the treatment on a wound can be facilitated; meanwhile, whether the liquid medicine is leaked or not can be detected by virtue of the liquid leakage detection module; and the bacteria information in the dressing changing process can be detected by virtue of the bacteriadetection module, so that the cleanliness and hygiene in the dressing changing process can be ensured.